20世紀中期以後香港粵語非疑問句助詞“呢”的功能演變－基於有聲語料庫的考察

The Grammatical Functions of the Auxiliary Word NE(呢) in Non-interrogative Sentences in HK Cantonese since Mid-20th Century: A Case Study Based on Audio Corpuses

陳秀婷(Xiuting Chen)

《中國語文通訊》 101卷1期 (2022/01) Pp. 1-17

https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202201_101(1).0001

摘要

與普通話相比，粵語的助詞“呢”還沒有發展出時體特徵和獨立表語氣的功能，保留了宋以前助詞“聻”的主要功能。20世紀中期以後香港粵語非疑問句的句中助詞“呢”標示話題或非核心小句，連接背景與前景信息；而句末助詞“呢”主要表達情態與語氣，其語用功能主要由語境或副詞的情態決定。20世紀中期以後助詞“呢”經歷了語音、語義、句法上的變化。同時兩性在各類型的使用差異顯著減少。

關鍵字

非疑問句 ； 助詞“呢” ； 20世紀中期以後 ； 香港粵語 ； 語法特點

並列摘要

After mid-20th century, the auxiliary NE(呢) has been used as a marker of the topic of a sentence or the backgrounding clause to connect the background and foreground information of a sentence; whereas, it expresses modality and mood determined by the context or modal adverb. Compared with Mandarin, Cantonese has developed neither the function of aspect nor mood, which maintained the main grammatical use of NI(聻) before SONG Dynasty (宋). It is shown that NE(呢) has gone through some changes among phonology, semantics and syntax and the gap of frequency in typological use between male and female has dropped increasingly since mid-20th century.

並列關鍵字

non-interrogative sentence ； auxiliary word NE(呢) ； after mid-20th century ； HK Cantonese ； grammatical functions

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