政體評價新角度：責任政體

繼古希臘以來，政體分類學構成政治學探討的重要內容。當下盛行的政體分類學是「民主－威權」二元範式，但存在著「民主濫用」與「民主失真」的流弊，究其原因在於既往政體分類學的純形式化問題，需從注重於政黨數量概念的誤區，走向民族概念與三維層次。通過擴大對政體的詮釋功能主義的視角，以及民族性要素的抽取，本文提出「責任性」的概念作為新政體分類的標準。通過從時間軸與空間軸衍生出「責任性」的要素，並落實還原為要素在政體層面的體現於具象，從而擬出了「責任政體」的標準，並以中國為例加以詮釋與還原。於文末本文提煉出增益政體責任性的兩個進路：一個主義，多種路徑；一個政黨，多種政策，供學界評判思考。當下的政體分類敘事存在對於「民主威權」二元範式的過度聚焦，本文提出的「責任政體」作為新的政體分類學念，助益於在新範式下錨定中國政體的定位。

關鍵字

政體；責任政體；政體分類；新角度；中國

並列摘要

Since ancient Greece, the taxonomy of polity has become an important part of political science. The prevailing taxonomy of polity is a binary paradigm of "democracy-authoritarianism", but there are shortcomings of "democratic abuse" and "democratic distortion", which are attributed to the purely formalistic nature of the previous taxonomy of polity. By expanding the interpretive functionalism of polity and extracting the element of nationality, this paper proposes the concept of "responsibility" as a criterion for the new classification of polities. By deriving the elements of "responsibility" from the temporal and spatial axes and reducing them to their manifestation and concreteness at the level of polity, the criterion of "responsible polity" is formulated and interpreted and restored using China as an example. At the end of the paper, we extract two ways to enhance the responsibility of the polity: one doctrine, multiple paths; one party, multiple policies, for the academic community to evaluate and consider. This paper proposes "responsible polity" as a new taxonomic concept of polity, which can help to anchor the position of Chinese polity in the new paradigm.

並列關鍵字

Polity ； Responsible Polity ； Polity Classification ； New Perspective ； China

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