教育人工智能的伦理审思：现象剖析与愿景构建－基于“人机协同”的分析视角

Ethical Thinking on Educational Artificial Intelligence: Phenomenon Analysis and Vision Construction: Based on the Analysis Perspective of "Human-Machine Collaboration"

陈倩倩(Chen Qianqian) ； 张立新(Zhang Lixin)

《远程教育杂志》 2023年03期 (2023/06) Pp. 104-112

https://doi.org/10.15881/j.cnki.cn33-1304/g4.2023.03.010

摘要

教育人工智能作为未来创新教育的助推力，以精细的学习情况分析与描述、个性的学习路径规划与推荐及精准的学习结果诊断与评价等典型应用展示了其在教育中的优势。然而，从伦理的维度来审思，教育人工智能所表现出的这些优势在很大程度上影响着人机协同发展。就技术伦理而言，技术的“偏好”“歧视”“预设”属性，影响到了人之发展的完整性、公平性与生成性；就教育伦理而言，若主体与客体、目的与手段、为人与人为等关系的处理失当，易导致人被“规约”“驯化”“物化”。基于此，当前亟须构建教育人工智能的应然样态，以厘清教育人工智能中的人机关系，进而提出合乎伦理的教育人工智能发展路径，即由强势主导转为协助教学，实现教育人工智能的可持续性发展；由被动适应转向自主自决，坚守人之生命成长的价值取向；由人机失衡转向人机协同，建立人机双向反馈的对等关系等路径，为教育人工智能的合理与向善发展提供方向。

關鍵字

教育人工智能 ； 伦理审思 ； 可持续发展 ； 生命成长 ； 对等关系

並列摘要

Educational Artificial Intelligence (EAI) as a driving force for innovative education in the future, it shows its advantages in education with its typical applications such as detailed analysis and description of learning situation, personalized planning and recommendation of learning path, and accurate diagnosis and evaluation of learning result. However, from the perspective of ethics, these advantages of EAI affect the development of human-machine collaboration to a large extent. In terms of technology ethics, the "preference" "discrimination" and "presupposition" of EAI affect the integrity, fairness and generation of human development; In terms of educational ethics, if the relationship between subject and object, purpose and means, cultivation and artifact is handled improperly, it is easy to cause people to be "regulated" "domesticated" and "materialized". Based on this, there is an urgent need to build the proper state of EAI to clarify the human-machine relationship in EAI, and propose ethical development paths for EAI, that is, from strong leading to assisting teaching, so as to realize the sustainable development of EAI; From passive adaptation to self-determination, adhere to the value orientation of human life growth; From human-machine imbalance to human-machine cooperation, establish a reciprocal relationship of human-machine two-way feedback, and provide directions for the rationality and good development of EAI.

並列關鍵字

EAI ； Ethical Thinking ； Sustainable Development ； Life Growth ； Reciprocal Relationship