「意義建構論」之學術影響力探討

美國學者Brenda Dervin的「意義建構論」（Sense-Making Methodology，簡稱SMM）從1983年啟蒙發展至今（2019年）已有37年的歷史，SMM是以使用者為中心的「方法論的理論」(theory for methodology)，有一套資料蒐集和分析的技巧，是兼具質性與量化的研究方法，可用來理解資訊需求、尋求和使用的情境和過程，並已應用在各種領域，涵蓋一般到特定的族群，闡述人日常生活的資訊行為，是資訊行為領域重要理論之一。為了瞭解SMM具體學術影響力，本研究結合引用情境分析和書目計量法，以質量兼具的方式呈現SMM影響力，分析引用34種SMM文獻的948篇引文的學科來源和研究主題，1,969個引用情境的引用位置、被引用內容和被引用原因，從多種角度探討SMM的具體影響力，另外並進一步探討學科、主題、引用位置、引用內容和引用原因的交互關係，呈現SMM更深層的影響力。研究結果具體說明SMM文獻的影響力，引文篇數和引用情境數量都顯示SMM影響力未隨時間消退，而是呈現更為明顯的影響力；且34種SMM相關文獻的影響力不同，高度集中在少數核心文獻。SMM對「圖書資訊學」學科的「資訊行為」主題有最大影響力，且隨時間增加對資訊行為主題影響力越大；引文作者引用SMM文獻最常出現在「文獻探討」位置；構成SMM的眾多內容中，「意義建構/未建構」的影響力最大，最主要是因「相關研究」原因被引用，且作者引用SMM文獻與SMM內容高度相關。

關鍵字

意義建構論；學術影響力；引用情境分析；書目計量

並列摘要

This study uses the method of citation context analysis and bibliometrics to explore the academic influence of Brenda Dervin’s Sense-Making Methodology (SMM). The influence of the SMM was measured by examining 948 articles published between 1986 and 2017 that cited 34 SMM-related publications. The influence of SMM was explored from various aspects by analyzing the disciplines and research topic of the citing articles, citation position, cited concept and cited reasons. The results of the study confirmed the SMM had the substantial and increasing academic influence on numerous disciplines. The differences in academic influence were identified among 34 SMM-related publications. A few SMM-related publications published before 1999 had greater academic influence than others. SMM had the greatest influence on the "information behavior" research belonging to the discipline of library and information science. Reviewing related literature was the most frequently cited reason, leading to the cited concepts related to SMM were located in the Literature Review section. Among 18 cited concepts identified, "sense making & un-making" has the greatest influence.