機車碟煞系統之可靠度研究

Reliability Study of Motorcycle Disk-Brake Systems

陳雨軒(Yu-Hsuan Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳文方

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.10428

摘要

速克達機車 (scooter)具操作方便、成本低、機動性高及適合各種行車狀況等優點，所以在台灣一向是各大機車廠銷售的主力，也是地狹人稠的國家與地區最適合的交通工具。如何提升速克達機車的性能與品質並降低其成本、增加產品競爭力，一直是值得研究的課題。本研究針對市面上銷售量最大速可達機車之碟式煞車系統進行可靠度研究，首先探討各零件之失效模式與影響性分析，並建構系統之可靠度分析模式，以定性方式找出系統失效原因，以期提供爾後設計的修正及改善意見；其後，並配合成本與可靠度的雙重考量，找尋可兼顧兩者的設計改善方案；此外，本文還針對機車碟煞系統，應用ARINC法進行可靠度分配，以求得在一定之系統可靠度要求下，各個主要零件之適當可靠度。本研究顯示機車碟煞系統之來令片過度磨耗是影響系統可靠度最嚴重之問題，因此也特別應用可靠度測試觀念，針對使用硼矽玻璃、碳化矽纖維與碳纖維依不同比例組成之來令片，加入成本考量，發現硼矽玻璃與碳纖維比例各占一半之來令片為最佳選擇，且為確保其安全性，建議更換里程約為每21,900公里。

關鍵字

碟式煞車系統 ； 來令片 ； 可靠度 ； 失效率 ； 失效模式與影響性分析

並列摘要

The scooter has many advantages such as easy to ride, low cost and can be operated under various traffic conditions. It is not only a major product for the motorcycle manufacturers but also a useful transportation tool for people living in densely populated countries such as Taiwan. How to improve a scooter’s quality and performance and lower its cost has been a challengeable task for scooter manufactures. The purpose of the present thesis is to carry out a reliability study of the scooter’s disk-brake system that is considered one of the key components of a scooter. In the study, failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) is first used to identify possible failure modes of the disk-brake system and its subsystems. Their effects on the disk brake system are evaluated as well. Aside from the qualitative evaluation, a quantitative analysis is also performed to appropriately allocate the components’ failure rates while maintaining the required manufacturing cost and system reliability. Since wear of the brake-pad is firstly identified to be the most serious problem of the disk-brake system, five types of brake-pad made of different percentages of borosilicate glass matrix, SiC fiber and C fiber are chosen to be studied in detail. Reliability tests are carried out for these brake-pads and the cost of brake-pads is also considered. It is found that brake-pad made of 50% of borosilicate glass matrix and 50% of fiber is the best choice among all. It is also found and recommended that, for this type of brake-pads, it had better be replaced with a new one every 21,900 km to guarantee a 99%-reliability and insure the riders’ safety.

並列關鍵字

Scooter ； Disk Brake System ； Brake Pad ； Reliability ； Failure Rate ； Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

參考文獻

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