濕地水質及生態模式之發展

Development of Wetland Water Quality and Ecosystem Models

楊州斌(Chou-Ping Yang)

指導教授 ： 郭振泰

共同指導教授 ： 龍梧生(Wu-Seng Lung)

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/博士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.00936

摘要

本研究目的主要為發展濕地、滯留池之水質及生態數學模式。利用岡山本洲工業區滯留池及二重疏洪道濕地的實測水理、水質及生態資料來檢定、驗證模式，以建立模式之可靠性。最重要的貢獻為修改WASP/EUTRO5模式，同時撰寫一生態模式及底泥傳輸模式與它相結合，並將此模式成功的應用於二重疏洪道濕地。研究內容包括：
(1)對二重疏洪道濕地進行水理、水質及生態數據之現場採樣。因二重疏洪道濕地屬於感潮河段，每日有二次之漲、退潮，故現場採樣需配合潮汐表。自民國91年11月至92年4月，每月採樣一次，總共外出作業六次，每次採樣之水質分析由中央研究院植物所及國立中山大學研究團隊協助。
(2)發展一簡化濕地、滯留池之水質數學模式，並應用於高雄縣岡山本洲工業區滯留池。利用成大環工所所採集的野外資料於模式之驗證。
(3)發展濕地一維質量傳輸模式、二維水理與水質數學模式及二維水質與生態數學模式，並將模式應用於二重疏洪道濕地。水質模式之建立採用WASP為架構。先從一維之簡易系統入手，建立質量傳輸模式用鹽分 (salinity) 之數據作驗證，同時對懸浮固體物及重金屬 (包括鋅、銅、鎘) 進行模擬，其結果相當良好。第二步之模式係建立二維之水質與生態模式。先作二維之水理模擬 (利用RMA2模式)，再以其結果驅動二維之WASP模擬，同時再進行重金屬與生態之模擬，模式中並考慮底泥作用、生態 (水生植物) 之影響。

關鍵字

水理模式 ； 水質及生態模式 ； 質量傳輸模式 ； 最佳管理作業 ； WASP/EUTRO5 ； 濕地 ； RMA2

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop wetland water quality and ecosystem models. The observed hydrologic, hydrodynamic, water quality and ecosystem data for model calibration and verification included from the Ben-Chou Industrial Park wet detention pond and the Erh-Chung Flood Way wetland. The RMA2 and WASP/EUTRO5 models were used as the basic framework with modifications and enhancement of kinetics to incorporate ecosystem dynamics and sediment-water interactions. The developed modeling framework was applied to Erh-Chung Flood Way wetland with a 2-D spatial configuration. To aid model development and model calibration and verification, a field sampling program was conducted from November 2002 through April 2003 at a frequency of once a month to gather data from Erh-Chung Flood Way wetland. Field sampling included hydrodynamic, water quality, and ecosystem data. The first part of this research was to develop a simplified water quality model for wetland, for which the data was collected from the wet detention pond at Ben-Chou Industrial Park of Kaohsiung County. The second part was to develop one-dimensional mass transport model and two-dimensional depth-averaged hydrodynamic and water quality models as well as water quality and ecosystem models. These models were applied to the Erh-Chung Flood Way wetland in northern Taiwan and configured the model based on WASP. First, one-dimensional mass transport of EUTRO5 model was developed to simulate salinity, suspended solids, and heavy metals concentrations. Favorable model calibration results were obtained. That followed the development of a two-dimensional depth-averaged hydrodynamic and water quality models. Hydrodynamic and water quality studies employed RMA2 and WASP/EUTRO5 models, respectively. Results from the RMA2 model were used to develop mass transport for the WASP/EUTRO5 mdoel. Finally, a two-dimensional depth-averaged water quality and ecosystem model was developed to simulate heavy metals and ecosystem in the wetland ecosystem. The models also considered sediments and aquatic plants mechanism.

並列關鍵字

hydrodynamic model ； mass transport model ； water and ecosystem models ； Best Management Practices (BMPs) ； wetland ； WASP/EUTRO5 ； RMA2

參考文獻

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