論被遺忘權之發展與在我國建構之可能性

隨著網路科技的發展，造成網路永不遺忘的特質，而這項特質被搜尋引擎發揮到極致，當搜尋引擎可以使搜尋引擎使用者，僅在搜尋引擎鍵入關鍵字，即可從眾多資料中篩選出所需要的資訊。而當發佈於網路上有關於資訊主體的資訊有誤、過時甚至偏頗的情況下，不特定多數人透過這些資訊，對於素未蒙面的資訊主體形成一定的人格圖像，資訊主體是要背負著這些污名或是標籤繼續他接下來的人生，還是有主張特定資訊有被遺忘之可能，而有人格重塑的可能性，於此脈絡下，被遺忘權的概念因此而生。因此本文對於「被遺忘權」的概念進行研究，希冀有助於國內釐清被遺忘權之發展與建構。被遺忘權的概念在歐洲首先被提出，經由Google Spain v. APED一案，具體發展出被遺忘權的概念，而後隨著資訊一般保護規則的施行，進而影響世界各地，許多國家的法院面臨被遺忘權的訴訟，亦有許多企業因此調整其對於蒐集、處理等資訊的政策。另，隨著被遺忘權的概念於世界如火如荼得發展，美國對於被遺忘權的概念是如何回應？在美國既有的法體系下，得否由隱私權作為基礎，進而開創被遺忘權發展的可能，以及與言論自由發生權利衝突時，是否有其行使之可能性。最後，臺灣法院亦面臨到以被遺忘權為訴求之訴訟，故梳理訴訟實務面對此項請求之立場及概念，進而以臺灣現階段之法體系下，是否有發展被遺忘權的可能性，從憲法上及法律上的面相分別分析之，並最後提出被遺忘權在我國發展及建構可能之途經。

關鍵字

被遺忘權；隱私權；資訊隱私權；資訊自我控制；釋字第603號解釋；資訊一般保護規則；歐盟法；美國法

並列摘要

The rapid development of digital technology leads to a trait that the internet never forgets. This trait comes to an extreme when search enginess hit the market, since these search engines enable the users to get the needed informations simplying tapping in key words. However, when the information online is not correct, out of date or even baised, people still can reach the information and form a prejudice self-image of data subjects. These data subjects have to take on the stigma for their entire life or have a chance to be forgotten and to reconstruct their personality. The concept of the Right to be fortgotten has been raised under this circumstance. This thesis focuses on reviewing the concept of the right to be forgotten and hope to figure put the possibility to thrive in Taiwan. The right to be forgotten had firstly been mentioned within Europe. With the development of case Google Spain v. APED and the enforcement of General Data Protection Regulation, the concept of the right to be forgotten had strike the world. The Courts in many contries faced the lawsuit which claiming the right to be forgotten; lots of cooperations revise their privacy policy according the right to be forgotten and GDPR. How America society responded to the rapid development of the right to be forgotten. Under the current framework of regulations in America, is there a possibility to let the right to be forgotten thive on the right to privacy? And if there are conflicts among constitutional rights, can the right to be forgotten takes advantage? Lastly, the Court in Taiwan had faced law suits claiming for the right to be forgotten. Hence, this thesis goes through the statements and concepts of Courts and tries to figure out the possibly constitutional and legal paths for the right to be forgotten to thrive in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

The Right to Be forgotten ； Right to Privacy ； Data Privacy ； Right to Informational Self-Determination ； J. Y. Interpretation No. 603 ； GDPR ； EU Law ； American Law