家庭及學校的社會資本與國小學童內化行為問題之關係

Social Capital of Family and School－Its Relationship with Elementary School Children's Internalizing Behavioral Problems

張弘潔(Hung-Chieh Chang)

指導教授 ： 李 蘭

國立臺灣大學/公共衛生學院/衛生政策與管理研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01486

摘要

社會資本具有社會結構的特質，可作為成員的資源促使其行動。本研究是從家庭及學校兩個面向，探討社會資本對國小學童產生內化行為問題之影響。利用兒童及青少年行為長期發展研究（Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-term Evolution，簡稱CABLE）計畫2003年的部分資料進行次級資料分析。台北市及新竹縣兩地區之國小六年級學童，且與雙親共同生活者，計有2,247人為本研究之分析樣本。
本研究以「內化行為問題」作為依變項，由憂鬱傾向、社交焦慮、及社交孤寂三個向度所構成。在控制背景因素的影響後，本研究發現家庭及學校的「社會資本」可以預測學童的內化行為問題，即越缺乏家庭的社會資本（家庭互動低、家庭衝突高）或學校的社會資本（學校認同低）之學童，其內化行為問題越嚴重。此外，相較於男生，社會資本對女生有較高的預測力。
根據本研究結果，建議家庭中避免家人之間發生衝突，強化親子間的互動及情感性的支持。在學校方面，建議增加學童對學校之認同感，增進學校與家庭間的網絡關係。在政策方面，建議有關單位落實夫妻親職教育，提供父母理性溝通之相關資訊，增進教育弱勢的家長進修學習之可近性。

關鍵字

兒童 ； 社會資本 ； 內化行為問題

並列摘要

Social capital consists of those features of social structures that facilitate the actions of members within them. This study examines the relationship between elementary school students’ internalizing behavioral problems and social capital, from its family and school dimensions. Data for this study was collected in 2003, as part of a longitudinal study entitled “Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-term Evolution (CABLE)”, spanning from 2001-2005. A total of 2,247 sixth graders who lived with their parents in Taipei City and Hsin-Chu County were recruited.
Internalizing behavioral problems are measured by depression, social anxiety and social loneliness. Findings indicated that, after controlling for background variables, social capital of family and school was significantly associated with the students’ internalizing behavioral problems. Those who are in lack of family social capital (low family interaction and high family conflict) and school family capital (low school identification) have more internalizing behavioral problems. Besides, social capital might have more influence on girls than on boys.
Findings from this study recommend the following: First, family conflict should be avoided, while child-parental interaction and emotional support in the family should be strengthened. Secondly, the school should build a friendlier environment to enhance students’ identification with their schools. Also, the school should intensify its network with the family. Thirdly, it is suggested that the government should implement parental education to provide parents with information on rational communication, and improve the accessibility of the already-existed advanced-study systems.

並列關鍵字

children ； internalizing behavioral problems ； social capital

參考文獻

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