機場跑滑道停機坪維護成本分析

The cost analysis of an apron in the airport

江東曉(Tung-Hsiao Chiang)

指導教授 ： 郭斯傑

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02200

摘要

機場起降跑道為機場之命脈，亦為航空業最重要之土木設施，飛機能否順利起降，更有賴於良好之跑道，而台灣現除了中正國際機場及高雄小港國際機場外，絕大部份為軍、民合用機場及純軍用機場，因民航業務持續發展成長，且民用航空器逐漸大型化，重型機日益增多，使得原有之跑道除了要承受軍機高速起降時之衝擊力及彎曲作用外，更需承收更多大型民航機之起降能量。
因台灣屬海島型國家，跑道鋪面長期受天候、飛機起降荷重衝擊及磨損、風化等影響，極易造成道面產生損壞及裂損，影響飛航安全甚鉅，因此對於機場起降跑道鋪面檢查及維護，必須正確而有效，且事先作好完善的規劃及修護之順序，以避免影響機場的飛航運作，進而影響民生交通及國家之空防安全。
現行國外對於土木、建築之維護與管理均非常的重視，不論是全般生命週期內各階段的成本比例分析，或者是僅專就維護時各階段的項目分析，均已有許多篇文章研究及探討，反觀國內，攸關大型交通安全之機場跑、滑道及停機坪等項目，確非常的缺乏完整維護資料探討，其究因為現行國內機場除了中正國際機場及高雄小港國際機場外，絕大部份為軍、民合用機場及純軍用機場，其管理維護絕大部分由中華民國空軍負責，因過去未有保有修繕維護資料的觀念，及完整有效之修護規劃，管理單位對於維護成本的分析亦予以忽視。
本研究針對國內之中、大型機場跑滑道停機坪等機場設施維護成本分析，並找出長期之修繕趨勢，以確保機場飛安及有效的使用維修經費，及瞭解維護管理之重點，由現有資料，瞭解國內機場初期階段、使用維護階段、拆除重鋪階段等各階段費用支出情形與所占比例，目前已搜集松山機場等九座機場近20年維護工項計204項，初步分析為跑道、滑行道之道面整修維護占約70％為大宗，裂縫及伸縮縫維護次之，其主要造成因子為天候影響、風化、及民用航空器逐漸大型化，重型機日益增多，使得原有之跑道更需承收更多飛機起降荷重衝擊及磨損。

關鍵字

跑道 ； 滑行道 ； 停機坪 ； 鋪面 ； 維護成本

並列摘要

The runway is the most important facility in the airport; it also is the most important construction of the aviation. The airplane can smoothly take off and landing would depend on the good runway. In Taiwan, except the C.K.S international airport and Kaohsiung international airport, the most of the airport is a military-commercial combined airport or military airport. Since the aviation business sustained growth, and the aircraft gradually becomes large, the amount of heavy aircraft increases day by day. The runway not just has to bear the impact of military aircraft high-speed take off and landing; it also has to bear the impact of heavy commercial aircraft take off and landing.
Taiwan is an island, the runway pavement will damage by the weather and the impact of aircraft landing. The damaged runway will affect the aviation safety. There of the runway pavement inspection and maintenance must correct and efficient. Besides, it shall be perfect arrange the maintenance order. In this way, it can avoid affect the airport operation and affect the country air defense safety.
The foreign countries always take the maintenance and management of construction, building in the first place. There are many research and discussion for its cost analysis, or maintenance item analysis. But, in Taiwan there are little discussion information for safety of the runway and apron. The reason is that mot of Taiwan’s airport is military-commercial airport, except the C.K.S international airport and Kaohsiung international airport. So the air force will in charge of the maintenance and management. Since they don’t have the ideal to save the maintenance date, and arrange the maintenance plan. They did not take the maintenance cost analysis seriously.
This research will discuss the maintenance cost analysis for the mid, large airport runway and apron facilities, and find out the long term maintenance trend. To ensure the airport safety and efficient spend the maintenance budget. Additional, it can help us to comprehend the key-point of maintenance. By the information, to find out the budget spent and the cost ratio for the airport in initial stage, operate maintain stage, tier down re-pave stage. This research collected 9 airports, 204 maintenance items for 20 years. The first analysis approximately 50 percents are the runway, taxiway pavement maintenance; the others are the weather, wind. And the commercial aircraft enlarge therefore the runway have to bear the more impact for the aircraft takeoff and landing.

並列關鍵字

runway ； taxiway ； apron ； pavement ； maintenance cost

參考文獻

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國外文獻