全球通過同性婚姻合法化的國家愈來愈多,台灣對於同性婚姻合法化的爭議也越趨白熱化,同婚和反同聯盟皆透過各種工具,期望能讓政府之決策有利於己。故本文主要針對同性婚姻政策在台灣的發展過程進行探討,運用政策形成的相關理論,藉以闡述此議題的政策形成過程,以及找出影響同性婚姻政策之外部因素,並以倡導聯盟架構之觀點出發,了解在同性婚姻合法化爭議的政策次級系統中,各倡議聯盟所採取的策略與工具,以及最後政府的行動對於聯盟會有何種影響,有更加仔細與深入的說明。 本研究共訪談六位受訪者,透過訪談內容及次級資料的分析,首先,研究結果可歸納出影響台灣同性婚姻政策的四個主要因素,包括:利益團體、媒體、政治人物、突發事件,而智庫在此議題較無實際影響力。第二,同婚聯盟早期所使用的工具為「教育」,在提出相關法案後,才開始使用較激烈的工具,而反同聯盟的成立時間,較同婚聯盟晚,所採用之策略工具,多為草根動員、遊說等,期望能直接影響立法法案之形成。第三,在2017年5月24日釋憲(釋字第748號)後,讓反同聯盟意識到「教育」之重要性,開始在高中和大學等地舉辦說明會,並要求教育部的性別平等教育委員會,需納入反同婚代表。
There is a growing number of countries in the world that legalize same-sex marriage. The controversy over the legalization of same-sex marriages in Taiwan has intensified. The coalition, through various tools, hopes to make the government's decision beneficial. Therefore, this paper focuses on the development process of same-sex marriage policy in Taiwan, using the relevant theories of policy formation, to expound the policy formation process of this issue, and to find out the external factors that affect same-sex marriage policy. From the standpoint of Advocacy Coalition Framework, understand the strategies and tools adopted by the coalitions, and the impact of government action on the coalition, with a more careful and in-depth explanation. The study interviewed six persons. Through the interview and secondary data. The study reaches three conclusions: First, the four main factors that affect Taiwan's same-sex marriage policy include: interest groups, media, emergencies. The think-tank has no real influence on the issue. Second, in the early days of the coalition for same-sex marriage, the tools used were "education", and when the relevant legislation was proposed, more drastic tools were used. Anti-coalition with the establishment of a later time, the use of strategic tools for grassroots mobilization, lobbying and so on. They expect to have a direct impact on the formation of legislative acts. Thirdly, after the release of the Constitution on May 24, 2017 (No. 748), the anti-coalition was made aware of the importance of "education" and began to hold a seminar in high schools and universities, and asked the Gender Equity Education Commission of the Ministry of Education to include the anti-same-sex marriage representatives.