In Taiwan, all domestic medical institutions have fire protection plans formulated in compliance with laws. The content is inclusive of the preparations which should be done before a fire, and the response which should be taken in case of fire. Even though there are fire protection plans due to the mandatory, most fire protection plans have serious risk gaps in the four phases of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. It causes that the fire protection plans are not useful in actual fires. The reason for the risk gap is that the incident management is a difficult profession. Because most members in medical institutions have insufficient knowledge or skills about incident management, it’s hard to formulate a useful plan, or find the shortages in the plans.