所得與台灣高齡者物價指數之探討

依據行政院主計處2009年至2018年家庭收支調查報告資料中，在食品類、衣著類、住宅類、交通及通訊類、醫療保健類、教養娛樂類、雜項類等七大類，分析高齡家庭與全體家庭在不同所得階層的物價指數及通貨膨脹率之差異。研究發現：(一)逾50%高齡家庭為低所得家庭，半數以上低所得之高齡家庭都面臨老年貧窮的處境。(二)高齡家戶所承受的通貨膨脹比全體家戶為高。高齡家戶主要消費支出前三大類為:食物類、醫藥保健類、雜項類。(三)高齡家戶實質所得成長率顯著高於全體家戶，不同所得層級的實質所得成長仍趕不上物價上漲。台灣自1993年邁入高齡化社會，2018年步入高齡社會，推估八年後於2026年將會到達超高齡社會的標準，其老化的速度比其他國家還要快，高齡銀髮族不僅成為未來的消費主力，其本身更應建立適當的金錢觀及生活態度，讓後半場人生得以快樂無憂、盡情享受退休人生；迎接高齡消費行為的需求快速變化，國內銀髮相關產業面對這一種高齡者新型態的生活方式，應與時俱進的化危機為商機，將銀髮產業衍生的新興消費商機發展起來。

關鍵字

所得；高齡者物價指數；通貨膨脹

並列摘要

According to the data from the 2009-2018 Family Income and Expenditure Survey Report of the Office of the Executive Yuan The difference between the price index and inflation rate of all families in different income classes. The study found that: (1) More than 50% of the elderly households are low-income households, and more than half of the elderly households with low income are facing poverty in old age. (2) Inflation experienced by older households is higher than that of all households. The top three main categories of consumption expenditures of elderly households are: food, medical and health care, and miscellaneous. (3) The real income growth rate of senior households is significantly higher than that of all households, and the growth of real income at different income levels still cannot keep up with price increases. Taiwan has entered an aging society in 1993 and entered an aging society in 2018. It is estimated that eight years later, it will reach the standard of a super-elderly society in 2026. Its aging rate is faster than other countries. In the future, the main force of consumption should establish an appropriate outlook on money and life attitude, so that the second half of life can be happy and worry-free and enjoy the retirement life; the demand for welcoming senior consumer behavior changes rapidly. Domestic silver-related industries face this kind of advanced age. The new way of life of the people should turn the crisis into business opportunities with the times and develop the emerging consumer business opportunities derived from the silver hair industry.