台灣回收體系環保與經濟目標衝突之解析－互動式標的規劃之應用

A Study on the Conflicts Between Environmental and Economic Goals in Taiwan’s Recycling System－An Application of Interactive Goal Programming

涂雅雯(Ya-Wen Tu)

指導教授 ： 時序時

淡江大學/商管學院/管理科學學系企業經營碩士班/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2020.00361

摘要

本研究採用多目標規劃模型中的加權標的規劃法、優先順序標的規劃法與互動式順序標的規劃法分析台灣回收體系中的環境保護與經濟利潤兩目標衝突的問題。
就環保署回收基金管理委員會(基管會)而言，促使極大化回收率，以維護環境為主要考量；以回收處理業者而言，以極大化利潤為其主要目標。兩者面向不同而產生衝突，為求得能夠同時滿足兩目標的解值，因而利用互動式順序標的規劃模型，並從重要參數的變化中找出一個最適的回收費率。本研究利用Masud and Hwang (1981)以及Hwang et al. (1993)所提出的互動式順序標的規劃法(Interactive Sequential Goal Programming)，經由與決者的多次互動，以找出令兩者滿意的最佳方案。此過程中，考量到的政策工具包括回收率、回收補貼費率與徵收費率，另回收獎勵金為回收處理業者的工具。敏感度分析時，會藉由調整重要工具來探討回收系統的整體穩定性，結果發現徵收費率和回收獎勵金的提升可促進回收率的上升。本研究以廢筆記型電腦為例，由結果發現，徵收費率的提高可促進基管會資金盈餘的增長，進而提升整體回收率。但若提升回收補貼費率和回收獎勵金過高時，回收率的表現並非會持續攀升，而是抵達最高點後即行下降。另外，由分析結果可知，在第一次迭代時雖不盡理想，但在第三次迭代加入決策者所選擇的偏好反而能獲得較滿意的方案，並滿足環境目標和經濟利潤。
針對本研究之分析，可知在台灣回收體系雖存在環境保護與經濟利益兩衝突目標，但透過制訂回收處理徵收費率、回收處理補貼費率以及回收獎勵金並適時調整，便可由結果中找出妥協解。

關鍵字

多目標規劃 ； 加權標的規劃法 ； 優先順序標的規劃法 ； 互動式順序標的規劃法 ； 筆記型電腦回收 ； 回收補貼費率

並列摘要

This study uses the Weighting Method, Preemptive Goal Programming and Interactive Sequential Goal Programming (ISGP) in the multi-objective programming model to analyze the conflict between environmental and economic goals in the Taiwan recycling system.
As far as the Recycling Fund Management Board is concerned, the main consideration is to maximize the recovery rate and to maintain the environment; as far as the recycling industry is concerned, maximizing profits is the main goal. The two conflicts due to different orientations. In order to obtain a solution value that can satisfy the two goals at the same time, an interactive sequential target planning model is used to find an optimal recovery rate from the changes of important parameters. This study uses the Interactive Sequential Goal Programming method proposed by Masud and Hwang (1981) and Hwang et al. (1993), through multiple interactions with the decision maker, to find out what satisfies both the best solution. In this process, the policy tools considered include the recovery rate, the recovery subsidy rate and the levy rate, and the recovery of incentives is a tool for the recycling and processing industry. During the sensitivity analysis, important tools are adjusted to explore the overall stability of the recycling system. As a result, it is found that the increase in levy rates and recycling incentives can promote the increase in recycling rates. This study takes the use of obsolete notebook computers as an example. The results show that the increase in the levy rate can promote the growth of the fund surplus of the Recycling Fund Management Board, thereby increasing the overall recovery rate. However, if the recovery subsidy rate is increased and the recovery bonus is too high, the performance of the recovery rate will not continue to rise, but will decline after reaching the highest point. In addition, it can be seen from the analysis results that although it is not ideal in the first iteration, adding the preferences chosen by the decision maker in the third iteration can instead obtain a more satisfactory solution and meet environmental goals and economic profits.
According to the analysis of this study, it can be seen that although there are conflicting goals between environmental protection and economic interests in the recycling system in Taiwan, by formulating the collection rate for recycling, the subsidy rate for recycling and the reward for recycling and adjusting them in a timely manner, you can find out from the results of best-compromise solutions.

並列關鍵字

Multi-objective Programming ； Weighting Method ； Preemptive Goal Programming ； Interactive Sequential Goal Programming ； notebook computer recycling ； recycling subsidy rate

參考文獻

王家祥 (民104)，公告應回收廢棄物電子電器及資訊物品產業調查暨

費率架構評估，行政院環境保護署，台北。

行政環境保護署(109年3月27日)，106至108年主機板等9項物品

營業量統計資料，第1090002414號函。

行政院環境保護署，應回收廢棄物品回收清除處理補貼費率，檢自