在台灣成長的台日混血大學生之敘事
―探討自我認同與日文意識―

本研究以在台灣出生長大的台日混血大學生為對象，闡明其自我認同感與對於日文的認知。本論所採用的定性調查分為兩個部分:一為對11名台日混血大學生進行訪問調查，了解他們的自我認同感與影響認同感之要素，並使用M-GTA進行分析(研究課題1)；二為針對3名台日混血大學生進行敘述訪談調查，從幼年時期的對日文之認知、該認知之變化與其變化所帶給自身的影響(研究課題2)等三個層面來分析探討。最後，依兩項研究課題的結果，提出對於在台灣長大的台日混血在語言學習教育方面上的建議。分析結果為「與周圍環境的關係」、「語言經驗」、「使命感」三要素與自我認同感息息相關。換言之，若於日常生活中，無法隨心所欲表達日文，抑或是無法擺脫大眾對混血兒的刻板印象之框架，該壓力便會影響他們的自我認同感的構成。反之，若在使用語言的經驗上，被他人所認同、稱讚時，則會加深身爲混血兒的使命感，並在積極地試圖提升日文能力與增進日本相關知識。另外，對日文認知上的構成，童年時期多半來自生活中的日文，也有時被逼迫學習日文或受到刻板印象而感到壓力而厭煩，產生迴避日文、日本人的情形。然而在成長過程中，透過「我會日文」的實際體驗或者置身於「第三方」環境下，則會影響對日文認知上的變化。這樣變化會促使他們更積極、更主動地規劃自身的未來藍圖，且為了達到理想的中日雙母語狀態而努力。根據以上調查結果，要讓原為帶著「義務感」學習的態度轉變為帶著「使命感」的態度學習語言，為了這樣，須讓孩子在不同環境中獲得各式各樣的語言體驗。此外家長應從孩童的角度重新審思孩童對於語言的認知及態度。

關鍵字

混血兒；日文的意識；自我認同感；敘述訪談

並列摘要

This research takes Taiwanese and Japanese mixed undergraduates being born and growing up in Taiwan as subjects and explains the factors of making up subjects’ self-identification and subjects’ perception of Japanese. The qualitative investigation of this paper is divided into two parts: One is to conduct an interview survey of 11 Japanese and Taiwanese mixed undergraduates to understand the factors of making up and affecting their self-identification, which use M-GTA to perform analysis (research topic 1); the other focusing on 3 Taiwanese and Japanese mixed undergraduates conducts a life story interview survey, and analyses and discusses from three aspects: the perception of Japanese at early childhood, the changes of the perception and the influence of the changes to themselves(research topic 2). Lastly, on the basis of the two research topics, advice on learning language is given to those who is Taiwanese and Japanese mixed and grows up Taiwan. The result of analysis is composed of three key elements: relationship between surrounding environment and the subjects, experience for language, and a sense of purpose. All of them are closely related to self-identification. In other words, if subjects can’t express themselves in Japanese in daily lives or can’t get rid of public mixed stereotype, the pressure would affect the constitution of their self-identification. On the other hand, if subjects are identified with or are praised about experience on applying language by others, their sense of purpose as a mix would become stronger. They would also endeavor to improve Japanese ability and eagerly enhance Japanese related knowledge. In addition, the constitution of Japanese perception mostly comes from Japanese in life in childhood. Sometimes there are situation that children are forced to learn Japanese or feel stressed and bored because of stereotype and thus avoid Japanese people and language. However, during the process of growth, practical experience of “I’m good at Japanese.” or under the environment of “third place” would affect the change of Japanese perception. This kind of changes would prompts them to schedule their future plan more actively and work hard to achieve the state of dual mother language in both Chinese and Japanese.

並列關鍵字

Mixd ； japanese Consciousness ； Identity ； Nrative

參考文獻

Kich,G.K（1992）「The developmental process of asserting a biracial, bicultural identity」『In M.P.P.Root(Ed.) Racially mixed people in America』. Newbury Park:Sage Publication, pp, 304-319.