她「ㄗㄨㄛˋ」的椅子:
女性退休者學習木作工藝培養品味生活個人歷程之相關探討

本研究旨在探討女性退休者退休經驗與其學習木作工藝培養品味能力的相關元素，以正向心理學中的品味(Savoring)概念，分析女性退休者透過學習木作工藝之創作活動，得以促發或強化品味機制，進而提升關照生活正向經驗之能力，以營造珍視當下、樂盼老年的生命風格。本研究透過質性敘事重點取向之分析架構，採深度訪談，以立意取樣方式，蒐集五位學習木作一年以上，感受木作工藝對自我生活有正面影響之女性退休者訪談資料，進行逐字稿謄寫及相關主題歸納分析。依據研究目的，本研究分析結果主要整理如下:(一) 這群學習木作工藝的女性退休者皆為積極型退休人士，對於退休生涯抱有主見，而取得經濟保障為決定退休之主要因素，對其生涯抉擇，家人多持尊重配合的態度。她們於退休後期盼能關照自我，且會安排特定活動以獲得內在滿足，其學習動機良好，並藉由上課、擔任義工、兼職或旅行遊學獲得生活新知。這群女性退休者們基於愛好木材這項天然特質以及喜歡手作的原因下，開始學習木作工藝，相較於擁有先備經驗，高度學習動機更為其熱衷創作的重要關鍵。(二)這群女性退休者們透過學習木作工藝多能有效促發品味策略，而在生活上專注於美好經驗的連結，同時展現涵容接納、積極溝通的柔韌力與實踐力，並且強化核心信念於主觀認知中，將創作時的美感體驗延伸至日常裡，甚至影響家人獲得幸福共鳴。藉由木藝作品的使用，這群女性退休者得以具體提升家庭生活中的自我賦能感，並且培養正向社交力，拓展具支持性社群資源的人際網絡。(三) 藉由這群女性退休者之創作經驗，推測從事木作創作得啟動多元品味元素:天然素材多元觸發美感體驗，能使女性退休者於感動中得以紓壓；在繁複而持續的專注創作下體驗福樂暢流，而獲得愉悅與成就感；藉由使用機具的高精準需求，培養內在自我監控能力，以提升心智平穩度；透過創思、製作到使用木作工藝作品，有效提升退休生活中的自我賦能感；藉由木作的學習、木作品的分享，培養積極的樂齡社會連結力，強化中老年多元正向的內在價值觀，展現活躍之退休態度。本研究最後針對研究結果提出建議，供未來研究與女性退休者參考。

關鍵字

退休女性；木作工藝；正向心理；品味能力

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the relevance between the experience of female retirees and how they cultivated their ability of savoring by learning woodworking. According to the concept of savoring in positive psychology, we analyze how female retirees primed or intensified their savoring mechanism by learning woodworking. This activity could improve their ability to face their daily life with positive thoughts, to create a lifestyle of savoring the moment as well as the future prospectively. The analytical structure of this study uses qualitative research method focusing on the content of narrative. The in-depth interviews are used, with five female retirees who have learned woodworking over a year and thought it can bring positive influences to one’s life. The interviews will be verbatim and analyze inductively based on the similar theme. According to the study purpose, the results are as follows: To begin with, these female retirees who learned woodworking are all active people who have independent opinions to their retirement. When facing their career choices, their family will mostly respect their decisions. They hope they can take good care of themselves by planning some activities to fulfill their inner satisfaction. They have strong motivations in learning and obtaining knowledge by taking courses, volunteering, having a part-time job, and traveling. They started to learn woodworking due to their nature instincts and also their interests in hand making. Compared with those who had relative experience, strong motivation was the key reasons why they were enthusiastic about creative work. By the way of learning woodworking, most of the female retirees could prime the use of savoring strategies effectively and found connection between good experiences at life. At the same time, they demonstrated their tolerance and highly-proactive communication which also strengthened cognition in core belief and prolonged their daily life even resonated their family. By using the woodcraft these female retirees could enhance self-identity in the family as well as to develop the positive social ability. Furthermore, they could expand supportive network and social connection. Finally, with the creative experience of female retirees, we assume that woodworking could prime the diversity elements of savoring. The nature material could trigger aesthetic, and will make the female retirees feel relief. Through the experience of focusing on a creative work could feel delighted and gain a sense of achievement. To develop the ability of self-control by monitoring the machine precisely so as to improve mental steady. Their own woodcrafts could enhance self-improvement to their retire life. By learning woodworking and sharing wood crafts will positively cultivate the connection between senior lives, which will intense the middle-aged people’s positive value as well as their dynamic attitude toward retirement. Some suggestions are provided at the end of the thesis, which could be reference for future research and female retirees.