行人環境風場舒適度標準評估與實場調查

Application of Field Measurements to Establish Comfort Criteria Assessment for Pedestrian Wind Environments

莊淨輝(Ching-Hui Chuang)

指導教授 ： 張正興

淡江大學/工學院/土木工程學系碩士班/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2016.00861

摘要

近年來人們與風環境意識的高漲，舒適度成為一項重要的課題，各國學者探討與設計出適合當地行人活動的風場標準作為舒適度指標。且隨著人口不斷增加及高層建築技術的成熟，建築物在地面的高度不斷上升，而造成地面風場加速現象越來越嚴重，因為地面的風場加速現象會影響行人在區域活動的舒適性，甚至有可能會危害行人的安全，所以行人環境風場舒適性指標已成為興建大樓前的重要設計之一。相較於使用風洞試驗做行人環境風場評估，實場調查的優點在於與風洞建立的模擬環境大不相同，且風扇產生的噪音可能在第一時間就已經影響受測者的舒適感，所以希望藉由實場調查且配合問卷分析來求得行人風場舒適度的評估準則。
本研究係以實際風場環境案例來探討，首先，維持一段時間在淡江大學商管大樓旁的風速量測與問卷調查，得到行人在長時間停留狀態下對風速大小及變動程度之可接受程度，另一方面，利用計算流體力學模擬，配合中央氣象局得到的風速資料，進行三重群光大樓的區域風場環境的模擬，最後藉由整合兩者結果盼建立出快速又不失精確性與合理性之行人環境風場評估。
最後，得到一個行人活動的風速標準，即適合長時間停留的風速標準。為了瞭解與其他學者建議標準的差異，將評估所得到的結果與國外學者評估標準繪於同一張圖表並比較與討論。再利用CFD數值模擬得到的三重群光大樓區域風場的強風區模擬結果與風洞實驗作相互比較與討論。

關鍵字

問卷調查 ； 舒適度 ； 風場環境 ； 計算流體力學 ； 數值模擬

並列摘要

For the past few years, owing to the rising awareness of pedestrian wind environment, comfort criteria has become an important issue. Scholars from various countries discuss and design the standard metrics for the pedestrian. Along with the increase of population and fully developed tecnology, the buildings in the city become higher than before. The acclerative situation of wind around the ground caused by high-rise buildings which will affect pedestrian activities and safety. Therefore, the pedestrian wind environments comfort has become an important design before constructing buildings. Compared to the use of wind tunnel tests for assessment, the advantages of field measurements is the difference of simulated environment of wind tunnel, even the noise generated by the fan may affected the comfort of subjects at the first time. We hope to use field measurements and analysis with the questionnaire to seek comfort criteria assessment for pedestrian wind environments.
This study was divided into two parts to explore the pedestrian wind field. First part, after a period of the wind speed measurement, and a questionnaire survey in Tamkang University, and get pedestrians long-term stay under the wind speed changes in size and degree of acceptability, and the other one, the use of computational fluid dynamics simulation coordinated with the Central Weather Bureau which will get the wind speed data. A regional wind field simulation of the environment, by integrating the results of the last two to establish a fast with accuracy and reasonableness of the pedestrian environment assessment of wind field.
Finally, while we get one pedestrian wind speed standard, which means that it is suitable for pedestrians long-term stay in the wind speed standard. To understand the different standards from other scholars suggested, we will assess the results obtained by the evaluation criteria with foreign scholars, drawn on the same chart and compare and discussion. Then, use CFD numerical simulation to comparison with wind tunnel tests.

並列關鍵字

questionnaire survey ； comfort ； wind environment ； computational fluid dynamics ； numerical simulation

參考文獻

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