自覺健康狀況與社會階級對快樂的影響

本研究目的是針對台灣民眾在自覺健康狀況與社會階級底下感到快不快樂的調查研究，目的在了解台灣民眾在自覺健康狀況與社會階級層面對快樂的影響，以及探討台灣民眾感到快不快樂的相關因素。研究是以次級資料分析，採橫斷性研究方法，利用「2017年台灣社會變遷基本調查計畫-第七期第三次問卷-社會階級組」資料，研究對象共計1465人。資料分析時，以感到快不快樂為依變項，取問卷中基本資料包含性別、年齡、宗教信仰、教育程度、婚姻狀況、平均每月收入等共6個項目，自我評量包含自認社會階級、自覺身體狀況為自變項。以次數和百分比描述快不快樂之狀況、卡方檢定、二元邏輯斯迴歸分析感到快不快樂與其他變項間的關係。本研究發現有86.5%的台灣民眾感到快樂，經由二元邏輯斯迴歸分析發現影響快樂不快樂與6項因素呈顯著關係，分別為性別、年齡、宗教信仰、每月平均收入、社會階級及自覺健康狀況;顯示女性感到快樂的感覺高於男性，年齡30-39快樂感較高、平均月收入3-5萬元以上者快樂感高於3萬元以下收入者，中層階級與勞工階級快樂感高於上層階級，而自覺健康狀況良好者快樂感高於自覺健康狀況不好者。

關鍵字

自覺健康；社會階級；快樂感

並列摘要

This research investigated whether Taiwanese people feel happy or unhappy under their awareness of health status and social class. The purpose is to understand the influence of Taiwanese people’s self-awareness of health status and social class level on happiness, and to explore factors related to Taiwanese people’s happiness or unhappiness. The study is based on secondary data analysis, using a cross-sectional research method, with the data of the "2017 Taiwan Social Change Basic Survey Project - the seventh session, the third questionnaire - Social Class Group" data, with a total of 1,465 subjects. Feeling happy or unhappy was used as the dependent variable. The parameters in the questionnaire include six items including gender, age, religious belief, education level, marital status, and average monthly income. Self-assessments includeing self-identified social class physical condition are independent variables. The relationship between happiness/unhappiness and other variables was assessed in terms of frequency and percentage. Chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistic analysis. This study found that 86.5% of Taiwanese people feel happy. Logistic regression analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between happiness/unhappiness and six factors: gender, age, religious belief, average monthly income, social class and health Status: It shows that women are happier than men. The age 30-39 have a higher sense of happiness. Those with an average monthly income of more than NT$ 30,000-50,000 are happier than those with lower income3. The labor and middle class are happier than the lower class. Those who feel that they are healthy are happier than those who feel that they are in poor health.