- 學位論文
浴缸刷洗作業之作業負荷評估與探討
Workload Assessment and Investigation of Bathtub Scrubbing
摘要
本研究以模擬方式探討刷洗浴缸的作業負荷，比較傳統短刷與長刷對作業負荷之影響，並探討主、客觀生理負荷與重點指標法（Key Indicator Method, KIM）之預測結果是否吻合。研究考量一般常見的浴缸樣式（長方形容器），將基本的浴缸清潔作業細分為(1)底部清潔(2)浴缸內（遠側）立面清潔(3)浴缸外（近側）立面清潔。實驗收集受測者作業中之核心肌群肌電圖（Electromyography, EMG）與心電圖，以及主觀之作業負荷（Borg CR-10）與身體部位不適程度。研究結果顯示刷洗浴缸是一項重體力的作業，受測者平均心搏率達112 ± 16 bpm，Borg CR-10等級為6 ± 1.3。相較於短刷，使用長刷雖可降低下肢因蹲跪所造成的不適，但對受測者之心率及主觀作業負荷並無顯著的改善，結果顯示使用長刷雖然可以改善工作姿勢，但在本研究所設定的高施力要求下，並不一定適合處理所有浴缸的刷洗作業。
並列摘要
This study applied simulation technique to explore workers’ workload of bathtub scrubbing tasks while using a short stick or a long stick brush. The physical workload predicted by using Key Indicator Method was validates by subjective and objective workload. This experimental study considers only common bathtub style with rectangular size. Basic bathtub cleaning task is divided into scrubbing subtasks of (1) bottom floor, (2) distal wall, and (3) proximal wall. Participants’ muscle activities, heart rate, and subjective workload (Borg CR-10) and body parts discomfort were collected in this study. The experimental results indicated that bathtub scrubbing is a heavy physical task. Subjects have an average heart rate of 112±16 bpm and a subjective Borg grade of 6±1.3 during the test. Compared to a short stick brush use, the lower extremities discomfort caused by squatting and kneeling can be significantly reduced by using a long stick brush. However, no significant brush type effect was found on subject's heart rate and subjective workload. The use of a long stick brush may improve subjects’ working postures in a bathtub scrubbing task; nevertheless, its use may not be the best for all scrubbing subtasks under high exertion conditions.