三相四線式獨立型低壓微電網系統故障分析及保護協調最佳化研究

Fault Analysis and Optimal Protective Coordination for Three-Phase Four-Wire Stand-Alone Low Voltage Micro-Grid

洪佳仁(Chia-Jen Hung)

指導教授 ： 周至如

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00196

摘要

本文探討三相四線式獨立型低壓微電網供電系統之故障特性分析並以最佳化模式規劃其保護協調，其中考慮系統有多重分散式電源，故障特性包括三相短路故障、兩相短路故障及單相接地故障之特性。本文首先以電磁暫態分析軟體(EMTP/ATP)建構三相四線式獨立型低壓微電網供電系統模型(ATP模型)，然後針對低壓微電網供電系統於不同故障點及不同故障類型下，進行分析各位置之電壓及電流變化。故障點涵蓋主匯流排、饋線與負載端，而故障類型包括三相短路故障、兩相短路故障及單相接地故障。根據故障特性之分析結果，本文進一步應用基因演算法規劃新型數位電驛之保護協調，電驛類型考慮過電流電驛及方向性過電流電驛為主。最後針對最佳規劃結果與傳統規劃結果進行比較，驗證本文所提之方法具可行性且為最佳解，可提供微電網適當保護協調並提昇微電網供電系統之保護。

關鍵字

微電網供電系統 ； 基因演算法 ； 保護協調 ； 數位保護電驛 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

In this thesis, the fault characteristics of the three-phase four-wire stand-alone low voltage micro-grid power supply system are analyzed, and the protection coordination is optimally planned in which the multiple distributed generating sources are taken into account. The fault characteristics include three-phase short circuit fault, two-phase short-circuit fault and single line ground fault characteristics. First of all, the system model is constructed based on alterative transient program of electromagnetic transients program (EMTP/ATP). Then, the voltages and currents of various fault points on the system during various faults are analyzed based on ATP model. The fault points include main bus, feeders, and load terminal, while the fault types include three-phase short-circuit fault, two-phase short-circuit fault and single-phase to ground fault. Based on the fault analysis results, the protection coordination of system is planned according to genetic algorithm (GA) and novel digital relays which include directional overcurrent relays and overcurrent relays. Finally the results of protective coordination planning by GA are compared with the results obtained from conventional planning method to verify the feasibility proposed method, and to show that the proposed method can provide adequate protection for micro-grid coordinate and enhance the protection of the micro-grid power supply system.

並列關鍵字

Microgrid Supply System ； Genetic Algorithm ； Protective Coordination ； Digital Protective Relays ； Optimal

參考文獻

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