空氣熱源式熱泵之醫院節能應用

Air source heat pump applied for hospital energy saving

李 剛(Kang Lee)

指導教授 ： 張永宗

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/冷凍空調工程系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

醫療型建築物耗能甚大，由於醫院全年24小時運轉，提供居住及工作於其內的人，各種生活上的基本需求，需要大量的能源，包括電力、瓦斯及水。為了維持醫院良好的室內空氣品質，必需引入足量的新鮮外氣，但是被引入的外氣將會造成空調負荷的增加，導致能源費用增加。
本文以設立於台北市某醫學中心實際能源耗用與節能規劃為案例，分析蒸氣加熱系統與生活熱水系統的耗能情形。並應用空氣熱源式熱泵自空氣侧取熱的特性，引入外氣並吸取其熱量，將所獲取的熱量供應醫院熱水使用，被吸取熱量的外氣，則當作預冷空調使用。
根據本研究的實驗結果，外氣焓值範圍在32.7 k J/kg ~76.9k J/kg，熱水溫度在47.8~55.4℃的運轉條件下時，熱泵機組平均製冷COP為2.4，平均製熱COP為3.3；當外氣焓值低於30k J/kg，熱泵的製熱COP低於3。按照全年統計的外氣焓值，高於30k J/kg的外氣焓值出現的時數為8630小時，佔全年總時數的98.5％，顯示空氣熱源式熱泵具有節能規劃的實用價值。

關鍵字

醫院空調 ； 熱泵

並列摘要

Generally speaking, the medical building consumes a great deal of energy, due to the hospital operates in 24 hours of whole one year, to offer the person which live in and work for its inside, the basic demand of various life which need a large amount of energy, includes electricity, natural gas and water. In order to maintain the indoor air quality of hospital, it needs to lead sufficient fresh air from outside, so that it will cause increase of load of air conditioner, in the meantime, to induce increase of energy expense.
This text was regarded as the case of consuming and planning with energy conservation in real energy of one medical center was set up in the city of Taipei, analyse the exhausted energy situations for the system of heating steam and hot water system. And applying the identity of air source heat pump to collection of heat from airside, leading outside air to inside, and at the same time to draw out the thermo mass to supply hot water system of hospital, it was drawn out the thermo mass of outside air becoming the use of pre-cooling.
According to the experimental result of this research, the range of outside air enthalpy value is between 46.2kJ/kg to 70.8kJ/kg, hot water is under 47.8~55.4℃ operation conditions temperature range, average refrigeration COP of heat pump assembly is 2.5, it is 3.9 of hot COP;when the outside air enthalpy value is less than 30 kJ/kg,making hot COP is less than 3 of the heat pump. According to the outside air enthalpy value of statistics in whole year, the hours that the outside enthalpy value which is higher than 30kJ/kg appeared are 8630 hours,account for 98.5% of the total hours of the whole year,shows that the air source heat pump with practical value of energy-conserving planning.

並列關鍵字

Air conditioner of the hospital ； Heat pump

參考文獻

[3]蔡尤溪等人，「熱泵技術發展計劃」，能源研究發展基金研究報告，1988年。

[2]Toshiyuki Hino,“Performance evaluation of an ambient-energy heat pump system,” ASHRAE Transactions, Vol.101,Part-1, pp.386-393,1995.

[13]Ladd, G.O., and Harrison, J.L., eds.“Electric water heating for single family residences: group load research and analysis,”EPRI Report EA-4006,1985.

[19]Abrams, Donald W., and Shedd, Alan C.“Effect of seasonal changes in use patterns and cold inlet water temperature on water-heating loads,”ASHRAE Transactions, Vol.102, Part 1, pp.1038-1053,1996.

[22]鄒德勝，「燒焊型板式熱交換器」，中國冷凍空調雜誌，1993年8月。