微波高轉換效率整流天線設計與實現

Design and Implementation of Microwave High Conversion Efficiency Rectenna

邱致歆(Chih-Hsin Chiu)

指導教授 ： 邱弘緯

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電腦與通訊研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2012.00390

摘要

本論文研究提出操作於2.45GHz微波頻段高轉換效率整流電路，具有小型化、低成本、材料取得容易等優勢。在整流電路設計中利用非線性射頻蕭基二極體、微帶傳輸線阻抗轉換原理，與使用微帶線電路來達到低通濾波器與匹配網路的功能。整流電路初步設計使用Agilent ADS 2009模擬做為實做電路架構與參考，並將高頻訊號整流成直流電源。在接收天線方面，天線初步設計使用Ansoft HFSS 11設計與模擬高指向性2x2微帶陣列天線，作為實現接收天線的參考來源。後續整流電路與陣列天線整合為整流天線(Rectenna)架構，來實現2.45GHz微波頻段功率傳輸之應用。已實現2x2微帶陣列天線指向性可達12.49dBi；已實現LPF饋入低功率高效率整流電路固定負載為390Ohm，輸入功率為100mW時，電路轉換效率為76.2%，輸出電壓可達5.45V。該2x2整流天線距離發射天線(量測距離)為1.4米，發射端輸入功率為316mW，達到最佳轉換效率為87.8%，接收電壓達1.28V。

關鍵字

整流電路 ； 蕭基二極體 ； 微帶傳輸線 ； 陣列天線 ； 整流天線 ； 轉換效率

並列摘要

This thesis proposes operating at 2.45GHz microwave frequency band high-efficiency rectifier circuit, which has the advantages of small, low-cost, material easy to obtain and etc. The rectifier circuit design uses nonlinear RF Schottky diode, microstrip transmission line impedance conversion principle, with the use of microstrip circuit to achieve low-pass filter and matching network functions. We use preliminary design of the rectifier circuit simulated on Agilent ADS 2009 as the practical circuit, and high-frequency signal is rectified into DC power by this circuit. As for the receiving antenna, we use Ansoft HFSS 11 to do the simulation for the high-directivity microstrip 2 x 2 antenna array, and as the reference of the practical receiving antenna. The proposed rectenna (integration of rectifier and array antenna) architecture is to achieve the 2.45GHz microwave power transmission applications. The realized 2 x 2 microstrip array antenna directivity is up to 12.49dBi; the realized LPF has been fed to high-efficiency rectifier circuit with fixed load 390Ohm to achieve the circuit conversion efficiency of 76.2% and the output voltage of up to 5.45 V when input power is 100mW. The 2x2 array rectenna could achieve the best conversion efficiency of 87.8% and the output voltage of 1.28V with the distance of 1.4 meter with the transmitter when the input power of transmitter is 316mW.

並列關鍵字

Rectifier ； schottky diode ； micro strip line ； array antenna ； rectenna ； conversion efficiency

參考文獻

[4]Y. H. Suh and K. Chang, “ A High-Efficiency Dual-Frequency Rectenna for 2.45- and 5.8-GHz Wireless Power Transmission,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 50, No. 7,pp. 1784–1789, July 2002.

[5]J. Zbitou, M. Latrach, and S. Toutain, “ Hybrid Rectenna and Monolithic Integrated Zero-Bias Microwave Rectifier,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 147–152, Jan. 2006.

[11]C. Mikeka, H. Arai, “ Notched Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna Integrated with a Single Diode Rectifier for Energy-Harvesting Prosthetic Leg,” in Proc. Int. Conf. BioWireless., Japan, Asia, Jan. 2011, pp. 31–34.

[13]J. O. McSpadden, T. Yoo and K. Chang, “ Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a Rectenna Element for Microwave Power Transmission,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 40, No. 12,pp. 2359–2366, Dec 1992.

[14]J. O. McSpadden, L. Fan and K. Chang, “ Design and Experiments of a High-Conversion-Efficiency 5.8-GHz Rectenna,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 46, No. 12,pp. 2053–2060, Dec 1998.