- 學位論文
職災預測模式及最佳化職災消弭方案評估模型之建構
Establishment of Occupational Accident Prediction Model and Optimized Occupational Accident Elimination Solution Evaluation Model
摘要
近數十年以來，營造業一直是跟著房價的上揚和政府的公共建設而蓬勃發展，而營造業發展的背後卻是勞工的血淚史。綜觀我國依行業別之職業災害事故，近年來每年均超過千餘名意外死亡事件；而職業災害相關之永久傷殘事件，則每年發生約五千多件。根據勞工檢查年報所記載，我國的製造業、營建業與礦業之千人傷亡率一直是英國及日本的2至5倍。不僅勞工本身遭到不幸的意外傷殘甚至死亡，其家人、工廠或公司，以及社會，也必須為職業災害付出昂貴的有形及無形的代價。如何精確及有效地預測並建構消弭職業災害方案，為減少社會損失是進行職災防制研究的基本概念。因此本論文旨在探討營建業在實務上防制職災的最佳化評估方案，本研究收集2002-2011年行政院勞工委員會重大職業災害事故，以營造業為關鍵字，蒐集營造業相關重大職災事故共千餘件個案為探討基礎，依職業災害個案內容針對案例資料分析與分類，可細分為安全工法、技術缺失、環境缺失、管理因素、具體告知、自動檢查、安衛教育、安衛訓練等八項進行資料分析，接著以層級分析法，建立職災類型層級架構模式，並以職災類型模式分析其相對權重，接續以迴歸模型建構最佳化職災方案評估模型，以期能降低營造業職業災之發生率。研究的重點除第一、二階段建構職災類型預測模式及最佳化職災方案評估模型外，第三階段為個案研究，其目的在驗證並解釋研究模式，並進一步提出結論和未來研究方向之建議研究雖是個案資料分析，但是研究方法應可推廣之通案研究，酌供後續之比較參考。
並列摘要
In recent decades, the construction industry has been followed by rising prices and the government's public works and flourishing, while behind the development of the construction industry is labor-filled history. Looking at China Business Types of occupational disasters annually in recent years are more than thousand accidental deaths; while the occupational accidents associated with permanent disability events occur each year about 5,000 pieces. Described under the labor inspection report, China's manufacturing industry, construction industry and the mining industry has been a casualty rate of thousands of people in Japan and Singapore 5-10 times. Not only labor itself was unfortunate accident disability or even death, their families, factories or companies, as well as social, occupational accidents must also pay a high cost of tangible and intangible. How to accurately and efficiently predict and construct programs to eliminate occupational accidents in order to reduce social losses for occupational hazard prevention research is the basic concept. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the construction industry occupational hazard prevention in practice to optimize assessment program, this study collected 2002-2011 Council of Labor Affairs of serious occupational accidents in the construction industry as a keyword, collect relevant material construction industry fatality accident has more than a thousand pieces of cases to explore the basis, according to occupational hazards case Content for case data analysis and classification, can be broken down into safety engineering methods, techniques missing, environmental loss, management factors, specifically told that automatically checks, safety and health education, health and safety training other eight for data analysis, followed by AHP, established occupational hazard type hierarchy structure model and type of occupational hazard model to analyze the relative weights continue to construct optimal occupational hazard Lingo program evaluation model, in order to reduce the construction industry the incidence of occupational hazard. Focus of the study except for the first and second stages construct predictive models and types of occupational hazards occupational hazard optimization program evaluation model, and the third phase for the case studies, which aim to verify the research model and further conclusions and future research directions although it is the case of the proposed research data analysis, research method should be extended to the general case studies, comparative reference for subsequent discretion.