彈性製造系統控制單元仿真器之設計

Emulator Design for Flexible Manufacturing System

游聖弘(Sheng-Hong Yu)

指導教授 ： 陳凱瀛

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

隨著科技時代的進步，產品生命週期（Product Life Cycle）和上市時間逐漸縮短，消費者的需求也趨向少量多樣的需求形態，彈性製造系統（Flexible Manufacturing System, FMS）的機器彈性、組合彈性、生產彈性、途程彈性…等，運用高自動化的群組技術（Group Technology）可以達成生產線快速換線，滿足少量多樣的產品需求。製造執行系統（Manufacturing Execution System, MES）上層銜接先進生產排程系統（Advanced Planning and Scheduling, APS）的生產排程規劃結果，以進行即時性的現場生產派工；下層連接的是製造控制系統（Manufacturing Control System, MCS），控制彈性製造系統的機台設備，並收集現場生產資訊回饋給製造執行系統，以提供先進生產排程系統做為未來排程的依據。
生產系統的模擬（Simulation）運用先到先服務（First Come First Serve, FCFS）、最短加工時間（Shortest Processing Time, SPT）、最早訂單交期（Earliest Due Date, EDD）…等派工法則，透過實驗性的方法，建立虛擬的生產製造系統並在電腦上快速執行，來分析實際製造現場的行為。而仿真（Emulation）結合了模擬模型和控制系統，除了利用模擬方法發現系統瓶頸（Bottleneck）與死鎖（Deadlock）狀態及最佳的派工法則（Dispatching Rule）之外，系統還可以進行即時測試，提高生產的速度及穩定性，所以仿真器（Emulator）的發展可以縮短彈性製造系統的建構時間並減少建構成本。本研究在仿真器設計時引入模組化設計（Modular Design）概念，建構彈性製造系統機台設備模組模式，以模擬系統內各類型機台或設備的運作，如電腦數值控制（Computer Numerical Control, CNC）加工機模組、軌道式搬運車（Rail Guided Vehicle, RGV）、SCARA機器手臂模組…等，仿真系統建構完成之後，亦能整合成為未來生產現場（Shop-floor）的線上即時監控系統。

關鍵字

製造執行系統 ； 彈性製造系統 ； 仿真器 ； 模擬器 ； 派工法則

並列摘要

Since the consumers’ demand of products has become bitty and diverse, the product life cycle and the period of product come into the market has also reduced. The flexibility (i.e., machine flexibility, mix flexibility, production flexibility, routing flexibility, etc.) of flexible manufacturing system (FMS) applied the group technology (GT) in fulfilling the manufacturing type and the consumers’ demand. Manufacturing execution system (MES) connecting with the advanced planning and scheduling (APS) system managed the shop-floor dispatching activity, and manufacturing control system (MCS) linked MES and catched the feedback data from devices.
Simulation which consists of several different model types (i.e., static model, dynamic model, deterministic model, stochastic model, discrete model and continuous model) is an experimental approach. It is usually performed on a computer and is analyzed for the behavior of manufacturing system to find the best implementing strategies. Emulation which combines the simulation model and the control system observes the executing status and discovers the bottleneck and deadlock phenomenons. It also reduced the FMS controller developing time and saved the developing cost.
This thesis proposed a modular design concept on developing the FMS emulator to emulate the machine (i.e., computer numerical control (CNC) machine, rail guided vehicle (RGV), SCARA robot, etc.). Four dispatching rules: first come first serve (FCFS), shortest imminent processing time (SIPT) and earliest due date (EDD) can be selected to observe different performance of three cases. In the future, the emulator could also be integrated with the shop-floor on-line monitoring system of a manufacturing system.

並列關鍵字

Manufacturing Execution System (MES) ； Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) ； Emulator ； Simulator ； Dispatching Rule

參考文獻

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