傳統產業企業社會責任之實務研究-以台灣紡織製鞋業為例

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of the Conventional Industry -An Example of the Apparel and Footwear Sectors in Taiwan

張瑜真(Yu-Chen Chang)

指導教授 ： 胡憲倫

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00450

摘要

近年來，跨國企業因於第三世界製造生產，供應商為了在價格上獲得競爭力，因而引發雇用童工、違反人權及破壞環境生態等問題，而遭各地大加抨擊。跨國企業因近年來的血汗工廠爭議，許多跨國企業與國際組織開始利用企業社會責任(Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR)的規範去因應外界對分包商環境與工作條件的要求。台灣不但身為製造商也是海外工廠的管理者，實施企業社會責任於供應鏈中是我國傳統產業必須去面對的議題。本研究首先藉由文獻回顧的方式，深入了解國際間傳統產業因應企業社會責任的發展情形；從中分析與彙整相關企業社會責任之作法，並藉由模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method)篩選出適用於台灣成衣製鞋業產業之之作法，計有「供應鏈規範與實施」、「社會」、「環境」、「經濟」四大層面，以及20項CSR實務指標。
研究結果顯示：台灣紡織業與製鞋業在CSR實務及認知上，均無重大差異。國際品牌商的供應商與國內一般供應商，在CSR的實務作法上有差異，品牌商之供應商一般均特別成立CSR專職部門，並且可以具體提出執行CSR之方法。在CSR實務上，「限制勞動」、「薪資與福利」、「職業安全與衛生」、「聘用當地勞工」、「原物料管理」、「能源」、與「環境影響評估」等七項做法，最被台灣企業採用。而在CSR的認知上，「供應鏈規範與實施」的層面被認為最重要，顯示台灣的製鞋與紡織業，已相當重視供應鏈企業社會責任之議題。本研究最後也針對企業與政府，分別給予若干具體實施與推動的建議。

關鍵字

企業社會責任 ； 成衣製鞋業 ； 供應鏈管理

並列摘要

In recent years, economic globalization has enabled global capital to flow more freely and swiftly across national borders, especially to low waged developing countries. These country’s i.e. developing countries, supplies were accused for child labor, excessive overtime, physical abuse of workers and unsafe working conditions. Many large brand-name corporations have adopted corporate social responsibility to regulate labor practices of their overseas suppliers.
Taiwan is not only a manufacturer, but also overseas factory supplier, should implement corporate social responsibility in the supply chain. It should also be applied within Taiwan’s traditional industries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness of Taiwanese apparel and footwear manufacturing sectors. An extensive literature review was conducted and a two-stage questionnaire was developed. In the first stage, the questionnaire was mailed to experts using the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to confirm the CSR framework which includes 4 dimensions and 20 indicators. In the second stage, the revised questionnaire was mailed to the apparel and footwear companies in Taiwan to investigate the recoganition and practices of CSR.
It is found that there is no difference on the practice and recognition for Taiwan’s apparel and footwear manufacturing sectors. Practices and recognition of supplies for international brand-name companies and general local suppliers do have difference. Most of suppliers of international brand-name companies form a CSR department to deal with CSR related issues. These companies can easily explain their CSR practices. Regarding CSR practices, “forced labor”, “wages and benefits”, “health and safety”, “employment of local labor”, “raw materials management”, “energy” and “life cycle assessment” are the seven most favorable CSR practices adopted by Taiwanese companies. Regarding the CSR recognition, “supply chain codes and practices” is the most important CSR issue, which indicates Taiwan’s apparel and footwear manufacturing sectors have already paid attention to the sutainable supply chain.

並列關鍵字

Corporate Social Responsibility ； Apparel and Footwear Sectors ； Supply chain management

參考文獻

[8] Bowen, H., Social Responsibilities of the business, New York: Harper, 1953.

[10] Epstein Marc, J., Making Sustainability Work: Best Practices in Managing and Measuring Corporate Social, Environmental and Economic Impacts, San Francisco: Berrett-Kolehler, 2008.

[13] Mamic, I., Implementing codes of conduct, how businesses manage social performance in global supply chains, Aizlewood Business Centre, Greenleaf Publishing, 2004.

[23] Carter, C. R. and Jennings, M. M., “Social Responsibility and Supply Chain Relationships,” Transportation Research, Part E 38E, No.1, 2002a, pp.37-52.

[24] Choi, D.Y. and Gray, E.R., “Socially responsible entrepreneurs: What do they do to create and build their companies?,” Business Horizons, 51, 2008, pp. 341-352.