從生態觀點探討臺北市都市公園之規劃

An Ecological Perspective on Urban Park Planning in Taipei City

陳青洲(Ching-Cho Chen)

指導教授 ： 蔡仁惠

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2006.00348

摘要

隨著都市發展，民眾對於生活環境品質要求不斷提升，都市開放空間需求也日趨孔急，而素有「都市之肺」之稱的都市公園早已成為市民最重要的活動空間之一。
都市公園不僅提供景觀、休閒、遊憩、防災等功能，也具有都市中生態經營的豐富條件，但由於都市在高強度開發之下，對環境的破壞與干擾，造成生物原有棲息地改變，也直接影響生態平衡。優質的生態規劃經營雖對都市環境健康與永續有所助益，但目前都市公園中生態觀念應用卻顯缺乏，故生態理念建立與規劃管理儼然成為都市發展重要課題。
本研究從生態城市架構及生態規劃觀點，藉由研析生態、都市設計、都市公園、環境規劃等相關議題，歸結出30項適合都市公園生態規劃參考原則，並包含理念、調查、分析評估、規劃、管理維護、教育解說等層面，其中1~6項為理念層面、7~8項為調查層面、9~15項為分析評估層面、16~27項為規劃層面、28~29項為教育解說層面、30項為管理維護層面之規劃原則。基於國內現有都市公園，多從景觀及遊憩角度探討都市公園規劃或經營管理，以生態思維探討甚少，期望上述原則建議，提供日後相關單位在規劃設計時之參考，以降低公園開發時對生態的衝擊，更增加生物多樣性的可能性，實現人與生物共存之永續生態城市遠景。

關鍵字

都市公園 ； 生態規劃 ； 生態城市 ； 景觀生態學 ； 生物多樣性

並列摘要

Urban development results in people’s escalating expectation of living environment quality and intensifying need for urban open space. Called “the lung of a city,” urban parks have long been one of the most significant activity spaces of the citizens.
Not only functioning as landscape, recreational, entertainment and disaster-relief facilities, urban parks have been well equipped for ecological management of a city. High-intensity urban development, however, has destroyed and disturbed the environment, moved the original habitats of living creatures and directly affected ecological balance. Quality ecological planning and management may have enhanced the health and sustainability of urban environment, but most of the urban parks lack application of ecological concepts. Consequently, establishment of ecological concepts, as well as planning and management, has become an important urban development issue.
From the perspective of ecological city framework and ecological planning, and through analysis of issues pertaining to ecology, urban design, urban park and environmental planning, this study identifies 30 principles for ecological planning of urban parks including conceptual, survey, analysis/evaluation, management and maintenance, and educational explanation aspects. Items 1~6 form the conceptual dimension; items 7~8 form the survey dimension; items 9~15 form the analysis/evaluation dimension; items 16~27 form the planning dimension; items 28~29 form the educational explanation dimension; item 30 forms the management and maintenance dimension. At present, most of the planning and management of urban parks is based on landscape and recreational perspectives. Ecology-based discussions are rare. It is the author’s hope that the principles identified above can serve as reference for concerned agencies in their future planning and design undertakings in order to alleviate the impact of park development on the ecology, enhance the possibility of biological diversity, and realize the goal of building sustainable ecological cities where mankind and other living creatures can co-exist in peace.

並列關鍵字

urban park ； ecological planning ； ecological city ； landscape ecology ； biological diversity

參考文獻

8.莊翰華，土地使用計畫面面觀，新竹：建都文化事業股份有限公司，第1頁至第14頁、第131頁至第151頁、第340頁至第346頁，2000。

17.張俊彥，從教育觀點談生態公園的景觀設計，博物館學季刊，第十四卷第一期，第77頁至第81頁，2000。

18.林晏州、陳玉清，都市公園綠地建設對粒狀空氣污染物質之改善效果研究，中國園藝，第四十九卷第四期，第383頁至第385頁，2003。

26.蘇美玲，林晏州，都市公園使用者休閒態度之研究－以台北市大安森林公園為例，戶外遊憩研究第十二卷第一期，第63頁，1999。

27.林晏州、陳玉清，都市公園綠地建設對粒狀空氣污染物質之改善效果研究，中國園藝，第五十卷第二期，第219頁，2004。