- 學位論文
牙醫工作人員頭髮和尿液中汞濃度及其相關因子之探討
The relationship between mercury levels in hair and urine of dental healthcare workers and the related factors
摘要
研究背景及研究目的 汞污染無所不在，除了空氣、水、食用深海魚類含汞外，日常生活中的溫度計、日光燈，乃至於牙齒窩洞填補的汞齊，均包括汞金屬。而汞齊是否可用於牙醫治療上，一直是各國牙醫師爭論的議題，國際間發起去除口腔中汞齊填補物活動，而瑞典政府更於2004年正式宣佈禁用汞齊於牙醫治療。本研究之目的為測量台北縣牙醫工作人員是否受汞污染，及其相關的因子為何。 材料與方法 本研究以立意抽樣方法，分析130名之牙醫工作人員及其家屬，分析其尿液、頭髮中的汞濃度，是否與其家人有明顯差異，而汞濃度高低是否與工作環境、工作經驗時數等因子有關。經由實地採樣收集受測者之尿液、頭髮，同時配合問卷調查相關資料，再經冷蒸氣原子吸收光譜法，及其建立之實驗方法，檢驗測定尿汞及髮汞濃度，再利用統計分析方法，分析尿汞及髮汞之相關因子。 結果 本研究結果顯示，牙醫工作人員之尿汞及髮汞濃度均較其家屬為高，而其值仍在安全範圍內。牙醫工作人員之髮汞濃度平均值：2.16μg/g，而尿汞濃度為0.98μg/g C。 迴歸分析結果顯示，髮汞濃度與年齡、性別、去除汞齊之工具設備、是否填補汞齊、去除汞齊及是否吃海鮮有關，六個因子共具30%的解釋力。而尿汞濃度與執業年數、每週平均充填顆數、吃海鮮喜好有關，三個因子共具24%的解釋力。本研究針對上述危險因子提出改進的建議，以避免造成意外及造成不必要的職業傷害。
並列摘要
STUDY PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND Mercury pollution is omnipresent in the world. Except in air, water, and edible deep sea fishes, mercury also exists in the thermometer, fluorescent lamp in our daily life. Even the dental filling material, amalgam, also contains the liquid mercury. “Is amalgam suitable for dental treatment?” is a lasting debate topic for global dentists. Some people initiate anti amalgam filling movement, and Swedish government even announced amalgam filling in dental treatment is forbidden in 2004. The purpose of this study is to detect whether the dental healthcare workers in Taipei County are affected by mercury pollution, and find out the related factors for the pollution. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study selects 130 dental healthcare workers as volunteers by purposive sampling method. Analyze the mercury level in their urine, hair, and compare with their family members for find out whether there are obvious differences exist, the mercury level relates to the factors such as working environment, hours of working experience, etc... The volunteers’ urine, hair samples were collected on the spot, and cooperate with the relevant materials of questionnaire investigation at the same time. The samples were analyzed by cold-vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy and the experimental methods established by it to detect the mercury level, then analyze the related factors of urine mercury and hair mercury by statistic analysis. RESULT The result of study reveals, the mercury level of dental healthcare workers is higher than their family members, but the value is still in the safe range. The means of the mercury level in hair is 2.16μg/g and in urine is 0.98μg/g C of the dental healthcare workers. The result of regression analysis shows, hair mercury concentration is related with age, gender, amalgam removal equipment, amalgam as filling, amalgam removal and sea food intake, the six factors have 30% explanatory power. Urine mercury concentration is related with working ages, average number of amalgam filling per week, the taste for eating seafood, the three factors have 24% explanatory power. Some suggestions for amending the said dangerous factors are submitted in the study in order for preventing unnecessary occupational injuries in the future.
參考文獻
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