複合型步進馬達參數分析之研究

Analytical study on the parameters of the hybrid stepping motor

陳銘昌(Ming Chang Chen)

指導教授 ： 劉 宗 平 博士

元智大學/工程學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2003年)

摘要

由於步進馬達動作為間歇性，因此容易產生振動。當換相激磁頻率過高時，馬達就會有失步的現象。這兩種情況皆會造成馬達不正常的運作；若適當地選擇馬達的工作頻率，則可改善上述的現象。
目前業界在調整工作頻率時，都是採用試誤法，此法常耗時甚久，效果亦未必佳。未來，可以利用優化的技巧，尋找驅動馬達的最佳工作頻率。為了避免用實體進行試誤法帶來太大的花費，我們可以先利用電腦模擬的技術來進行探討與分析。在模擬馬達的步進頻率時，必須先要掌握馬達的運動軌跡。換言之，就是先要知道馬達的特性參數值，如馬達的慣量、阻尼係數…等。因為一般的製造廠商，大都無法完全提供這些參數值。
基於上述觀點，本研究提出兩種方法，來求解步進馬達的參數。並且，比較。由於量測步進馬達的步階響應儀器，以及其擷取資料的能力各有不同，也將在文中做一番探討。如果所分析的參數值與實際的參數值吻合，那麼我們即可依照馬達的步階響應，推估馬達的實際參數值。對使用者而言，這是能夠比較容易決定控制馬達性能的策略。尤其是對於馬達運轉時所造成的振動及失步情形，可以提供更多的改善，以便提升整顆馬達的效益。在往後研發此型步進馬達時，希望能夠節省大量的研發成本。

關鍵字

步進馬達

並列摘要

Due to intermittence, a step motor vibrates frequently while acting. Furthermore, misstep is possible when excitation magnetism changes phase in the high frequency. Both the cases will cause the motor to operate abnormally. However, these situations can be improved if operating frequency is chosen appropriately.
Currently, the method of trial and error is adopted to get the applicable frequency. But, it is time consuming and hard to obtain acceptable solution! In the near future, the best operating frequency for a motor can be decided from optimal technique. To avoid large amount of expense of physical experiments, computer simulation can be used to study and analysis. Using the simulation, technique, it is necessary to realize the motion track of a motor. In other words, the values of characteristic parameters of the motor, such as inertia mass, coefficient of damping, … etc, must be available beforehand. Unfortunately, most of manufacturers can’t provide the whole parameters we needed.
In this study, we propose two methods to solve the problem of finding the required parameters of the motor. The results based on these two methods and the data acquisition capability of a step response instrument for measuring the step motor will be compared and investigated in this thesis. The practical values of parameters can thus be estimated according to the step response of the motor if analytical values of parameters are identical with practical values. For users, this is an easy strategy to determine a motor performance. Especially, a motor will raise its performance, improving vibration and misstep while operating, and it is expected that the cost in the research and development of new step motors will be reduced thereafter.

並列關鍵字

step motor

參考文獻

2. J.D.Wale and C.Pollock,“Hybrid Stepping Motors And Drives”, Power Engineering Journal, February 2001.

3. S.L Ho, H. L.Li, W.N.Fu, and H, C. Wong,“A Novel Approach to Circuit-Field-Torque Couple Time Stepping Finite Element Modeling of Electric Machines”, IEEE , 2000.

4. Yoshihiro Kawase and Koji suwa ,“3-D Dynamic Transient Analysis of Stepping Motor for Wristwatch by Finite Element Method (FEM)”, IEEE, 1998.

12. Strang,G ,“Linear algebra and its applications”, Harcourt

參 考 文 獻