在知識經濟時代中知識乃公共行政和企業管理中最重要之資本,但知識存在於系絡與關係之中,突顯出網絡與知識分享在知識管理中重要的地位。而在現代組織扁平化、資訊過載、環境變遷迅速情形下,工作依賴網絡關係的比例增加,人們更加依賴社會網絡關係尋找資訊和獲得解答。本研究主要以自我中心網絡(Ego-Centric Network)針對社會資本與公務人員(海關驗、估人員)之知識分享行為進行研究,並建立社會資本影響知識分享行為模式,另輔以整體社會網絡(Whole Networks)分析。在自我中心網絡分析發現,網絡連結的強連帶會深深的影響公務人員的知識分享行為,公務人員與其同事間如果感覺越親密則越會有知識分享行為的出現,在影響公務人員知識分享行為的構面中以強連帶最為重要;而職等異質性對公務人員的知識分享行為亦有一定的影響,但其影響性稍低於強連帶;另信任與認同感也會相當程度的影響公務人員知識分享行為,惟其影響性較低;而個人網絡密度及學識異質性則都無顯著影響。在整體社會網絡分析則發現:不同的組織特色,其網絡結構是有所不同的,其網絡圖也有不同的展現。諮詢網絡、友誼網絡、能力信任網絡中,具有較高的網絡密度者亦具有較高的知識分享行為。而在情感信任網絡則不一定會有較高的知識分享行為;在所有網絡類型中,網絡中心性較高者,均會有較高知識分享行為,在居於網絡邊錘者,則因為較缺乏獲取與傳遞資訊資源之機會,也會有較低之知識分享行為。
Knowledge is the most important capital for public administration and enterprise management in knowledge society, and it exists within context and relationship, it exhibits the importance of network and knowledge sharing in the knowledge management field. In recent years, because of flat organizational structure, information overloading, rapid social changes, and the extent our task rely on social network relations, people still rely more on network of social relationship for information searching and solving problems. This research is to investigate the impacts of Ego-Centric Network(Social Capital)and Whole Networks(Networks Structure Diagram)on knowledge sharing of civil servants(customs’ valuation And examination). The empirical results showed that: 1. Ego-Centric Network (1)The higher intimacy(strong ties)among network actors was, the higher the inclination of knowledge sharing behavior. (2)The higher rank heterogeneity among network actors was, the higher the inclination of knowledge sharing behavior. (3)The higher trust and identification among network actors was, the higher the inclination of knowledge sharing behavior. (4)The impact of personal linkage density and the educational background on knowledge sharing behavior is not significant. 2. Whole Networks (1)The different organization characteristics have different network structures and networks diagram type. (2)The higher network density of advice network, friendship network and competence trust network was, the higher knowledge sharing behavior. But the benevolence trust network is not. (3)The higher centrality of all network type was, the higher knowledge sharing behavior. Besides, the marginal region note was, the lower knowledge sharing behavior.