電腦輔助自動規劃電子產品組裝次序─以方法時間衡量分析評估

Computer Aided Assembly Sequence Planning for Electronics Products－Using Methods-Time Measurement

曾昭翔(Chao-Hsiang Tseng)

指導教授 ： 鄭元杰 博士

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

從最近幾年來看，因為產品多樣化的趨勢增加，生命週期很短，相對的，在組裝系統中工作任務的執行也就相當困難，故導入高自動化的生產系統是無效率的。因此，手工組裝在未來的組裝工作站中，仍然有維持的必要。過去製程規劃（Process Planning）的研究對於人手組裝部分，皆是採用方法時間衡量（Methods Time Measurement, MTM）技術依靠經驗以及反覆的試做所得到的。由於沒有系統的評估標準，這對隨著產品的組件增加、產品多樣化以及產品生命週期短的日益需求下，此種方法是相當沒有效率的。故如何使設計與生產兩階段的作業條件整合以適於電腦化，就成為人手組裝次序規劃的問題。
本研究以圖基法（Graph-based Approach）的方式，建立電子產品的階層組裝次序樹（State-Space Assembly Sequence Tree，SAST），且將人手組裝時手的組裝動作之不同作模組分類，並提出組（Set）的觀念與二次組合動作原則，以判斷每次必須考慮的元件數，再以組為單位對階層組裝次序樹進行分枝搜尋，以方法時間衡量技術（MTM）為評估指標，利用本研究提出的專家系統，藉以得到評估指標下總時間值最低。
本研究的目的針對電子產品中，需要人手組裝的部分，提出一個適當
的評估方法，以規劃最佳的人手組裝次序。當新產品開發時，不需依靠工程師的經驗或是反覆試做，可以透過電腦輔助方式得知生產線上的操作次序，以提昇效率。希望能藉此與產品組裝設計相結合，當在獲得產品模型（Product Model）組裝資訊的同時，即能得知產品的人手組裝次序與操作次序。

關鍵字

電子產品 ； 人手組裝 ； 組裝次序 ； 方法時間衡量 ； MTM

並列摘要

Over the last few years, because the trend of product diversification increases and product life cycle is very short, it’s so difficult to fulfill the task in assembly systems that installing highly automated production system is inefficient. Therefore, it’s necessary to maintain manual systems in assembly shops in the future. In past research of process planning as to manual assembly sequence were obtained by Methods-Times Measurement (MTM) that depended on experience or try test again and again. As the demand for more products component, products diversification and short lift cycle of products , this method is inefficient without evaluation standard. As a result, the planning of manual assembly sequence that how to integrated design and production work to match with computerization is the important question.
In this research, a graph-based approach is used to establish a State-Space Assembly Sequence Tree for electronics products. According to manual motion characteristics, manual assembly motion is classified. And then, this study make concept of set and second integration motion principle (SIMP) to decide the number of necessary parts of unit. Finally, we make use of MTM and expert system to evaluate manual assembly sequence to obtain the lowest time by evaluation indicatives.
The objective of this research is to develop a systematic evaluation method to plan manual assembly sequence for electronics product. As getting assembly information of product model, we can get knowledge of manual assembly sequence and manipulation for products right now.

並列關鍵字

electronic products ； manual assembly ； assembly sequences ； Methods-Times Measurement ； MTM

參考文獻

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