垃圾減量政策及效益研究－以桃園縣為例

Study on the policy and efficiency of waste reduction — for Taoyuan example

李文崇(Wen-Chung Lee)

指導教授 ： 蘇 艾

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2003年)

摘要

基於國內目前垃圾處理問題仍潛藏許多危機，特別是桃園縣在垃圾處理設施不足情況下，更顯其推動「垃圾減量」及「資源回收」之重要性，除政府無需冒興建垃圾處理設施所遭受的風險外，亦可降低向民眾徵收之垃圾清理費，並達保護環境之最終目的。
本論文採個案研究方式進行，藉文獻蒐集彙整各種垃圾減量方案，再以深入訪談與問卷調查做為分析背景，研究過程則參考政策制定相關理論，進行各項方案綜合評估與可行性分析，最後將研究結果作成政策歸納。在垃圾減量方案優劣評比結果發現，採用三種不同相對權重條件所得排名，結果大致相同，顯示垃圾源頭減量優於資源回收，而回收制度之建立又優於末端處置設施之設置，與工業減廢原則相同。此外，經過文獻分析得知，執行垃圾減量政策之經濟效益，遠高於一般垃圾焚化處理與掩埋處置，根據問卷調查結果顯示，桃園縣村（里）長普遍支持環保局政策，並願意以村（里）為區域責任單位，有助於環保局全面推動垃圾強制分類回收政策，並易於達成預定垃圾減量目標。
本研究分析桃園縣政策制定過程發現，在建立垃圾質與量之基本資料庫方面較為欠缺，而規劃程序及配套措施方面尚有努力空間，為確實掌握整體方案設計及推動成效，建議未來在垃圾清除處理政策上，除提出理念架構及政策推動藍圖外，對於實質的政策研究，應善用政策工具、分析技術，進行細部評估與規劃；此外，執行效率是最後展現績效重點，同樣需要受到注重，方能在低風險、高效率的情況下，確保目標之達成。

關鍵字

垃圾減量 ； 源頭減量 ； 資源回收 ； 經濟效益

並列摘要

It is important to perform the policies of “waste reduction” and “resources recycling” to decrease the risk of treating waste and cleaning fee, also for protecting the environment. There is high risk in the waste treatment in Taoyuan country, especial when the treating facilities are not enough.
This research was performed by case study. By collecting all kinds of reference, deep talking and investing for background analysis, processing with relative theories, and taking every case with total assessment and feasibility analysis, one can induce the results into policy investigations. Comparison with three different relative weighting methods, they have the similar results in all kinds of waste reduction cases. It indicated that reduction in the source is better than resources recycling and final treatment, respectively, also same with the waste reduction of industry. Especially, from the reference, it is known that the economic efficiency by performing waste reduction policy is better than incineration and landfill. Also, according the investigation, directors of neighborhood in Taoyuan country almost support the policies from Environment Protection Bureau. They are pleased to be the responsible unit and wish to help Environment Protection Bureau to perform forcing separation policies of waste. Therefore, the goal of waste reduction will be achieved.
In analyzing the making process of Taoyuan policies, it appeared that the waste data was not enough in quality and quantity, and it still had a lot of space to improve in planning process and action subject. In order to control the total case study and efficiency of performing, it is suggested that one can not only propose idea structure and blueprint, but also can use policy tools, analysis technology and detail assessment and plan to the research in the cleaning and treating waste policy for the future. Nevertheless, performing efficiency is the key point to displace the efficiency and must be paid attention. Therefore, one can concern that the goal can be achieved under the low risk and high efficiency conditions.

並列關鍵字

waste reduction ； source reduction ； resources recycling ； economic efficiency

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