神話世界KTV火災及實際設計案例數值模擬

Mythworld KTV Fire Disaster And In Case To Design Simulate Numerical Value

林冠生(K.S.Lin)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

台灣人口稠密，居住空間狹窄擁擠，而且國內經濟快速成長，國民所得逐漸提高，對於休閒活動也日益重視，但每年因火災造成生命傷亡及財物損失極為嚴重。而火災行為中熱流傳遞及有毒氣體的擴散，與消防設備、逃生避難設備的評估在火災研究中相當重要，若能將火災模擬程式，應用到國內所發生的火災，確實瞭解高溫火場之溫度變化、煙層流動，不但可預測有效安全逃生時間，並可節省全尺寸模擬的大量花費，另一方面可對於各項消防設備、逃生避難設備做效能評估，與法規相互驗證，作為法規修訂時的參考。本研究使用美國國家標準局火災實驗室所發展出來之火災區域模式CFAST，與場模式PHOENICS分析民國81年台北市神話世界KTV火災發生造成16死及4人輕重傷之嚴重事件，在考慮該火場發生與增設窗戶、灑水系統及抽風設備的情況下，分析火災場之溫度分佈、煙層厚度及CO濃煙的擴散，並與當時火災發生情況作一比較。同時利用火災場模式PHOENICS模擬分析神話世界KTV與中小企銀兩案例，在傷亡人員房間與走道、樓梯間附近的火源中心速度向量、溫度分佈及CO濃煙分佈，所得到的結果來驗證區域模式及實際之結果，進一步分析實際設計案例中小企銀，在考慮安全防火門開關情形與排煙室不同抽風量的情況下，計算火災13、14樓之溫度場、速度場及濃煙場之詳細分佈，將分析結果與區域模式結果相比較，驗證模擬的合理性，來加強對逃生安全的重要性，同時分析相關參數對火災場之影響，其結果可提供消防安全設計與法規制定之參考。

關鍵字

神話世界 ； 火災 ； 區域模式 ； 場模式 ； 數值模擬

並列摘要

Live space crowded and dense population in Taiwan. Lots of Citizens to think highly of resorts when economics grow up faster and citizen income better than before. But it is very serious for lose life and belongings of fire. It’s very important to evaluate for fire fighting and take refuge facilities that heat flow and poisonous gas in the fire middle. If can simulate fire program , should be can use for all fire cases then definite to understand high temperature of innumerable changes and moving of smoke layer. Not only to make a forecast for flee one’s life in a safe while and to save money for simulate all the program. Other one, it is important to reference and evaluate for all kind of fire fighting and take refuge facilities when we need to pass the rule evuse.
The case study use for American standard fire laboratory that research of fire mode CFAST and running mode PHOENICS for analyze case that mythworld KTV in Taiwan (1992).The case to result in 16 people died and 4 people injured. To compare about in fire middle with add windows, system of water sprinkle and ventilate than with the case of mythworld KTV. I am to analyze for temperature spread, smoke layer thickness and to diffuse of CO heavy clouds. Also, in same time use the fire mode PHOENICE to simulate and analyze for two cases of mythworld KTV and Taiwan bank. In the case we know in running room or sidewalk and between of stairs that we got the result that fire hub of seed, to spread temperature and CO heavy clouds. To replace for analyze in 中小 bank case. To think about fire exit switch and control smoke system is difference for wind capacity, compute if in fire middle of 13th or 14th floor for detail distribute of temperature ,speed and heavy clouds.
We hope can to supply to design for safe fire fighting and formulate rule .Also, it is important for strengthen of flee for one’s life. That’s why we need to compare for analyze result and area mode, check reasonable of simulate case.

並列關鍵字

KTV ； CFAST ； PHOENICS ； FIRE ； Mythworld

參考文獻

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