社會資本與新創事業：以台灣技術創業公司為例

Social capital and new ventures: A study on technology-based ventures in Taiwan

王明照(Ming-Chao Wang)

指導教授 ： 陳明惠

元智大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2005年)

摘要

本篇研究的樣本收集是透過發放問卷至進駐在育成中心內的所有廠商，以進行探討社會資本中，結構性範圍(包含社會關係聯繫、網路中心性、夥伴關係)、關係性範圍(包含信任關係)、與認知性範圍(分享語言與描述、分享目標)的關係。接著，再予深入研究社會資本子範圍兩兩間之效果及影響，加以討論並找出其重要的影響因素，以及其線性關係是如何存在於社會資本間進行活動。為了讓討論的研究問題具完整性，本研究將其分為公司內(intra-firm relations)-探討團隊或組織內的關係，以及公司外(inter-firm relations)-研究公司間、團體間、或合作夥伴間，來與以討論與研究。

我們透過文獻的探討與整理，進而發展出研究問卷。為了確保問卷內容的可適度是符合研究所提問的，本研究與5位創業家接觸以確定問卷的問題及內容來加以修正。藉由參考創業家們的回應與文獻回顧來進行問卷修改，其後本研究發放三波的郵寄問卷以電話催收以提升回收率。發放樣本為全台灣經濟部所補助的69家創業育成中心內，共計有1,510家新創事業公司。最後，本研究總共收集到382家新創事業所回覆的問卷，問卷回收率達25.30%。

透過統計結果顯示，不論是公司內或公司外，其社會資本的子範圍都呈現相關。而結構性範圍對關係性範圍呈現顯著且正向的影響；關係性範圍對認知性範圍表現出顯著且正向的影響；結構性範圍也對於認知性範圍存在著顯著且正向的影響；其中也發現到關係性範圍中的信任分別與結構性範圍中的夥伴關係，及認知性範圍中的分享語言及目標具有高度的相關。從這些結果可看出，信任(關係性範圍中的子範圍)在公司內與公司外的社會資本中是非常重要的一個因素，影響公司內外的發展及資源的取得。

關鍵字

社會資本、技術創業公司、新創事業、信任、網絡

並列摘要

Using data collected from mailing questionnaires in all new ventures that entered and were stationed in incubators, we attempted to examine the relationships among the structural dimensions, including social interaction ties, network centrality, and partnership, relational dimensions, contained trust, and cognitive dimensions, involved shared language, narratives, and goals. Then, we examined the effects and influences of each sub-dimension of social capital to discuss what the most important factor to influence other sub-dimensions is, and how the liner relations exist in social capital? For discussing these research questions, we separated firms into two sections to discuss: intra-firm relations in a team or organization, and inter-firm relations between firms, cooperators, or other parties.

We developed a questionnaire by reviewing literature and integrated items. To make sure that questionnaire items were good and fit for what we asked, we contacted 5 entrepreneurs to confirm the questionnaire items and contexts. After modification by referring to literature and experts, we mailed three-wave questionnaire and phoned. This research collected the sample of new ventures from incubators that they are supported by the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA), R.O.C. There are 69 incubators and 1,510 new ventures in these incubators. When collecting the questionnaire at the end, we received the replies of 382 new ventures.

The results of statistics demonstrated that each sub-dimensions was correlated in intra- and inter-firm. Structural dimension had a positive effect on relational dimension; relational dimension had a positive effect on cognitive dimension; structural dimension had a positive effect on cognitive dimension. Furthermore, trust that was the sub-dimension of relational dimension had highly correlation with partnership that was the sub-dimension of structural dimension and shared language, narratives, and goals that were sub-dimensions of cognitive dimension. These indicated that trust, a manifestation of relational dimension, was a most important factor of social capital in intra- and inter-firm relations. It influenced intra- and inter-firm relations to develop and resources getting.

並列關鍵字

Social capital, Technology-based ventures, New ventures, Trust, Network