我國跨縣市合作機制之探討－
以桃園縣對外合作為例

我國自1950年實施地方自治以來，係由中央政府全盤掌握立法、財政等權限；迄1999年實施地方制度法，地方政府始擁有自治權。惟因地方治理問題日益複雜化、依賴化，地方政府宥於資源有限已形成治理困境。為提升行政效能及經濟規模效益，應加速建立跨區域合作機制。本研究係透過文獻探討、個案研究及訪談方式進行分析。個案研究係以2002年至2006年桃園縣拓展區域及雙邊合作計畫為研究主軸，並探討參與議題（休閒遊憩、交通運輸、產業發展、環境資源、防災與治安、文化教育、健康社福、原住民與客家族群及新移民）之合作成效。試圖藉此分析可能影響跨縣市合作之變數，並研提跨縣市合作整合機制及優先發展議題之相關建議。透過前開研究方法，本研究獲致結論包括：應加強縣市生活圈及產業圈之觀念始能共同解決跨域問題；跨縣市合作須摒除政治干擾始能達成效益；跨縣市合作議題須具「互蒙其利」性質始能順利推展；「整合難易度」及「計畫複雜性」將影響跨縣市合作之意願及成效；跨縣市合作須考量與現制接軌及整合之問題；「個別利益」與「合作利益」之衝突將影響跨縣市合作之持續；中央政府並無處理跨縣市合作之專責機關、法令及相關補助計畫等。爰跨縣市合作議題若涉及相關法令訂（修）定及各縣市資源分配（如：水資源調度、成立土方銀行、營建剩餘土石方管理、爭取中央既有之資源等），因整合難度及複雜度較高，將影響合作意願及成效。本研究研提相關建議包括：地方政府應建立資訊分享機制，並型塑合作文化；跨縣市合作機制須權責分明，並研訂合作計畫及期程；跨縣市合作應依「共同利益」、「避免衝突」之原則研訂優先發展議題；應導正中央管理作法，並建立輔導機制；中央應儘速修訂財政收支劃分法，合理充實地方財源；中央應設置區域型計畫補助經費，以鼓勵跨縣市合作等。爰地方政府應依據事務性質、地方產業特色、政策領域類別發展合作關係，並建立合作機制（如：府際論壇、工作小組會議、局處首長會議、縣市首長會報等）分層級定期會商，以隨時掌握進度。

關鍵字

跨縣市合作

並列摘要

Since 1950, Taiwan started the implementation of the local self-government system, in which the legislature and finance authorities were controlled by the central government. By 1999 the implementation of Local Government Law has given the local government the self-governing rights. Because the local governing problems are becoming complicated day after day and more dependable, local government has trapped into governing difficulty due to limited resources. In order to improve and increase administration efficiency and economical benefit, inter-regional cooperation system must be created on a faster pace. This research undertook the literature review, case study and interview to compile analysis. Case studies focus mainly not only on regional development and inter-cooperation plans in Taoyuan County between 2002 and 2006, but also the cooperation effectiveness of various topics involved (Recreation and tour, transportation, industry development, environment resources, Disaster prevention and policing, culture and education, health and social welfare, indigenous people, Hakka ethnic group and new immigrants). This report is conducted in the attempt to analyze the variables that affect inter-county/city cooperation, to research and propose municipal cooperation integration system and priority development suggestions. By adopting previous mentioned research methods, this research has derived the following conclusions: To collaborate on the cooperation to solve inter-county/city problems, concept of living area and industry area shall be fortified. Inter-county/city cooperation shall eliminate political interference in order to generate benefits. Inter-county/city cooperation must bear in mind the quality of “mutual interests” in order to develop smoothly. “Level of integration difficulty” and “complication of plan” would influence the willingness and effectiveness of inter-county/city cooperation. Inter-county/city cooperation shall take current system integration into consideration. Impact of “individual interest” and “cooperation interest” will affect the continuity of inter-county/city cooperation. Central government does have not independent department, policies and related subsidy plan for inter-county/city cooperation. When various inter-county/city cooperation issues relate to new or modified regulations and distribution of municipal resources (such as water resource distribution, establishment of land bank, operation of land debris management, distribution of central resources and etc.), the level of integration difficulty and complication is higher, and as a result would affect willingness and effectiveness of cooperation. This research herein proposes the followings: Local government shall establish information sharing system and create a sense of cooperation culture. Roles and duties within the inter-county/city cooperation shall be outlined clearly to include cooperation plan and timelines. Inter-county/city cooperation shall follow “mutual interest” and “avoiding conflict” principles to plan the priority in development issues. Central government administration shall be modified to create supportive system. Central government shall take prompt action to make amendments to the financial revenue and expenditure regulations in order to reasonably support and fit into local government’s financial picture. Central government shall have subsidy funding for regional plan in place, in order to encourage inter-county/city cooperation. Local government, in accordance to different type of affairs, specialty of local industry, and government policy-directive development cooperation, shall establish cooperation systems (such as inter-government forum, committee meeting, head of department meeting, mayors meeting and etc) by different levels of authority meetings in order to control the progress within a timely fashion.