應用FAHP於物流業導入RFID評估研究

Apply FAHP for evaluating RFID adoption in logistics

蔡書媚(Shu-Mei Tsai)

指導教授 ： 湯玲郎

元智大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

在科技日新月異及全球化發展趨勢之下，物流業之供應鏈面臨極大考驗，然而無線射頻辨識系統（Radio Frequency Identification, RFID）具高儲存量、遠距讀取、可同時讀取多辨識標籤及重複讀寫等特性來加強全球貨物的追蹤與即時的存貨控管，進而輔助企業經營效率提升、成本降低與附加價值的提高。近年來政府成立RFID應用推動辦公室等機構極力推導企業導入RFID技術，因此國內業界已普遍預期RFID將於未來幾年可為供應鏈管理帶來革命性改變，然而RFID技術在國內仍處於「創新應用」初期階段，缺乏明確指標或典範供業界參考。甚者，企業初期投資資訊科技須背負高風險性，因此本研究主藉FAHP與AHP分析方法來探討國內物流業導入RFID之評估。雖過去已有類似文獻探討資訊科技以及供應鏈管理相關資訊科技的採用因素，但未依階段性作因素探討，因此本研究透過國內外導入RFID相關文獻、專家訪談與專家問卷之方式歸納三個導入RFID階段及發展「組織」、「技術」、「環境」、「成本」四構面的影響因素模式，期能降低物流業者導入RFID系統之失敗風險及時間。
本研究邀請物流產學專家採兩階段電子郵寄問卷，第一階段共有14份有效問卷，並依李克特五點尺度量表篩選出18項因素，第二階段共計12份有效問卷，並藉FAHP之研究結果得知技術複雜性、政府政策、環境不確定性、硬體成本等因素為影響物流業採用RFID與否的關鍵因素。物流業在導入RFID三階段中，分別為諮詢（概念驗證）階段、小規模實施階段及推展上線階段，其中第一階段需考量「技術複雜性」及「高階主管支持」之重要度及影響性，而在第二、三階段則需考量「技術複雜性」及「技術可靠度」之重要度及影響性。

關鍵字

RFID（無線射頻辨識） ； 物流產業 ； 模糊層級分析法

並列摘要

Under the trend of the advanced technology and the development of globalization, the supply chain of logistics is facing a great trial. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is accompanied with qualities of high storage, read distance, capability to read tags simultaneously, and rewritability to reinforce the track of global wares and instant inventory control, which further assists business operations raising efficiency, lowering cost, and upgrading added value. Recently, the government founded departments such as Ministry of Economic Affairs RFID Promotion Office to give every effort to implement RFID into business. Therefore, domestic business has generally expected RFID to bring a revolutionary change to the supply chain management (SCM). However, RFID is still in the initial stage of innovative applications, which lacks a clear index or model as a reference for business. Moreover, at the initial stage of investing IT/IS, it is still very risky. As a result, by the analysis of FAHP and AHP, the research mainly focuses on the evaluation of the implementation of RFID of domestic logistics.

The research invited logistic industry and academic experts to send electronic questionnaires in two sections. At the first section, there were fourteen valid questionnaires, and according to the five-point likert scale, eighteen factors were filtered. At the second stage, there were twelve valid questionnaires in total, and by the result of FAHP, factors such as technical complexity, government policies, environmental uncertainty, and hardware cost were key factors of whether logistics adopt RFID or not. The three stages of the implementation of RFID of logistics are: proof of concept stage, pilot stage, and deploy stage. In the proof of concept stage, service provider should "take technical complexity" and "the support of executives" into consideration, and in the second and third stage, supplier has to consider the importance and impact of "technical complexity" and " technical reliability".

並列關鍵字

RFID ； Logistics Industry ； FAHP

參考文獻

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