透過營運總部機制探討資訊科技能力對決策流程靈巧度影響之案例研究

Enhancing Decision-Making Process Agility by IT Capabilities with Headquarters Mechanisms

張采薇(Tsai-Wei Chang)

指導教授 ： 林耀欽

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊管理學系/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2012.00290

摘要

在競爭模式全球化的趨勢下，企業紛紛邁向國際發展，即使拓展營運規模可帶來績效利益，但卻也產生企業內部溝通和決策上的問題，對此，為了改善子公司與總部間的溝通以及決策的作業流程和結果，使企業能夠即時的回應外部環境的快速變化，維持競爭優勢，決策靈巧度的提升便成為其中的關鍵策略。
對於跨國、跨區企業內的決策管理議題，本研究藉由案例研究的方式探討提升決策流程靈巧度的關鍵要素，並以資訊科技能力和營運總部的管理機制作為影響變數，分析個案公司的生產流程作業上所產生的變化，藉此歸納出以下結論：
1. 透過資訊科技能力對生產流程中搜源和估報價作業模式的改善，能夠提升生產流程中的決策流程靈巧度。
2. 資訊科技的彈性與整合力需相互配合，並以資訊科技基礎建設的連結性作為基礎，才能夠有效提升企業的決策流程靈巧度。
3. 營運總部的產品生產調達機制能夠幫助搜源和估報價作業提升生產基地配置決策的精確性，進而達到生產決策流程的靈巧度。
4. 營運總部的產品生產調達機制能夠降低生產的運籌過程中發生產品錯誤的機率，使生產流程達到精確性。
5. 以產品生產調達機制為基礎，營運總部的關鍵性原物料統購機制能夠降低原物料成本，幫助產品製造的經濟成本效益更為提高。
根據上述之研究結果，希望在理論上能夠提供未來研究的驗證方向，在實務上則給予相關的國際型企業一改善內部決策議題的參考模式。

關鍵字

決策流程靈巧度 ； 製造業資訊科技能力 ； 營運總部機制 ； 跨國型企業

並列摘要

Following the globalized competition pattern, firms today are progressing to international markets and extending business scale, transforming into multi-national or multi-sited business, which may increase financial performance. However, it also cause some problems on the communication and decision-making at the same time. Thus, decision-making agility, a combination of process speed, accuracy, and cost economy, is becoming a vital strategy for improving the issue of decision-making among multi-national companies (MNCs) and achieving a competitive advantage in dynamic business environment.
Applying exploratory qualitative case studies, this study identifies information technology capabilities and headquarters mechanisms as major drivers for enhancing decision-making process agility in a multi-national manufacturing company and analyzes the process agility of the decision-making. Through the analysis, the conclusions and contributions are proposed as followed.
1. Decision-making process agility in production is enhanced by the influence of IT capabilities on the sourcing process and estimating process.
2. To improve decision-making process agility, the connectivity of IT flexibility have to be set as a prerequisite and also be combined with IT integration.
3. The allocation mechanism of headquarters assists sourcing process and estimating process in enhancing the accuracy of resources allocation decision which further achieves the agility of decision-making process.
4. The allocation mechanism of headquarters supports production process accuracy by decreasing the errors that happen among delivering activities.
5. As the foundation, the allocation mechanism of headquarters assist the central purchasing mechanism in generating greater cost economy benefit on production through reducing the price of critical raw materials.
Referring to the five conclusions as above, this study proposes a theoretical framework for further verification in the future researches and provides a implementable model for MNCs to improve the issue on decision-making.

並列關鍵字

decision-making process agility ； manufacturing IT capability ； headquarters mechanisms ； MNCs

參考文獻

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