裝設導煙機於廚房空氣汙染物之影響探討

The effects of an air curtain device on air pollutants of kitchens

林子翔(Zi-Xiang Lin)

指導教授 ： 彭瓊瑜

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/公共衛生學系職業安全衛生碩士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

在台灣，肺部癌症不論男女一直是國人十大死因之首，過往認為抽菸行為和引起肺癌有關，在台灣女性抽菸的比例卻不高，除了抽菸之外，廚房油煙也是家庭室內空氣汙染物主要的來源，華人傳統的烹飪方式以快炒、煎、油炸為主，這些烹調方式往往會產生許多的油煙，這些油煙中有許多常見對人體有害的汙染物像是醛類、懸浮微粒和多環芳香烴及VOC，這些汙染物經過許多研究證實對人類的肺部會造成危害。本研究針對兩家餐廳廚房做環境採樣，再利用氣簾式導煙機做介入，探討介入前後油煙中醛類、懸浮微粒、多環芳香烴的濃度分佈。裝設導煙機做介入後，由於受到採樣點擺放位置、導煙機包覆性以及排油煙機效能等因素影響，油煙中的PM並沒有達到預期改善的效果，醛類物質濃度僅在第一間廚房有減少28%；PAHs則是高分子量PAHs減少但低分子量PAHs卻增加。建議若要應用導煙機做介入以降低廚房勞工油煙暴露需考量現場環境等因素，才能使導煙機發揮最大的效用。

關鍵字

廚房油煙 ； 多環芳香烴 ； 懸浮微粒 ； 醛類 ； 導煙機

並列摘要

High prevalence of lung cancer was found in Taiwanese women, although their smoking rate is low. Some other factor may be related to lung cancer. A strong association has been found between exposure to air pollution from cooking and occurrence of lung cancer. Cooking oil fume may be one of the causes of lung cancer. There exist a lot of toxic chemicals in cooking oil fumes, including PAHs, volatile organic compounds, and aldehyde. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to understand the distribution of cooking-related air pollutants in workplaces, to examine the effect of an air curtain device on air pollutants in kitchens. According to our results, concentrations of aldehyde decreased by 28% at kitchen 1; the concentrations of high-molecular weight PAHs decreased, while those of low-molecular weight PAHs increased after application of air curtain devices. These may be due to inappropriate sampling sites and incomplete enclosure of the cooking area. We suggest that it is necessary to evaluate current cooking settings, such as fume hood, cooking counter top, and number of stove, before design and application of air curtain devices. Thus, it can reduce cooking-related air pollutants effectively.

並列關鍵字

cooking oil fume ； PAHs ； aldehyde ； PM ； air curtain device

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