具混合儲能源風力永磁同步發電機為主直流微電網之開發及操控

本論文旨在從事具混合儲能源由風力永磁同步發電機及直流電源供電直流微電網之開發及操控。直流電源經由一交錯式升壓轉換器介接至共通直流匯流排。至於風力永磁同步發電機，在比較探究多種交流-直流轉換器之降額特性後，開發一三相維也納切換式整流器將風力永磁同步發電機介接建立微電網之共通直流鏈電壓。藉由適當之換相移位調整及強健控制，增進風力發電機之產生功率特性。可擷取之直流或交流電源，亦能經由維也納切換式整流器之既有元件介接至直流微電網。微電網中之輸入電源均係變動且不可預測，必須配裝適當之儲能緩衝增進其供電品質。於所建構之微電網，開發一含電池/超電容/飛輪之混合儲能系統，以及各儲能裝置之雙向介面轉換器。並提出垂降控制法則及適應性預測電流控制，獲得良好之能源支撐控制特性。此外，當系統能源過剩時，利用所構裝之傾卸切換電阻負載，可維持整體能量平衡。於測試負載安排上，建構一單相三線式變頻器，提供 60Hz 220V/ 110V 交流電源供給家用負載。經所提出之強健控制，於負載及直流鏈電壓變動下，可獲得良好之正弦輸出電壓波形與動態響應。當再生能源過剩或不足時，所開發之單相三線式變頻器可執行微電網至電網及電網至微電網雙向操作。更且，微電網至電動車與電動車至微電網雙向互聯操作亦可達成。此外，各種馬達驅動系統、照明裝置及直流轉換器供電負載亦可直接由所建微電網之直流鏈供電。

關鍵字

微電網；風力發電機；永磁同步發電機；維也納切換式整流器；換相移位調整；交錯式升壓轉換器；儲能系統；蓄電池；超電容；飛輪；傾卸負載；垂降控制；強健控制；預測電流控制；單相三線式變頻器

並列摘要

This dissertation is aimed at the development and operation controls of a DC micro-grid powered by wind permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and DC source with hybrid energy storage devices. The DC sources are interfaced to the common DC bus via an interleaved DC/DC boost converter. As to the wind PMSG, after exploring the derated characteristics of PMSG systems with various AC/DC converters, a three-phase Vienna switch-mode rectifier (SMR) is developed as its interface to establish the common DC bus voltage of DC micro-grid. Its developed power is improved by proper commutation tuning and robust controls. The possible harvested DC or AC sources can be interfaced to the DC micro-grid via the embedded circuit components of Vienna SMR. Since the generating powers from various sources in a micro-grid are unpredictable and fluctuated, energy storage buffer is required to improve its power supplying quality. In the developed micro-grid, the battery/flywheel/super-capacitor hybrid energy storage system with bidirectional DC/DC interface converters is developed. And the droop control approach with adaptive predictive current control is proposed to yield good energy storage support control characteristics. Moreover, a chopped resistive dump load is equipped to regulate the energy balance when system energy surplus occurs. In test load arrangement, a single-phase three-wire (1P3W) inverter is established to yield 60Hz 220V/110V AC voltages for powering the home appliances. Good sinusoidal output voltage waveforms and dynamic responses due to load and DC-bus voltage changes are obtained by the proposed robust control schemes. When the renewable energy is surplus or insufficient, the microgrid-to-grid (M2G)/grid-to-microgrid (G2M) bidirectional operations can be also conducted by the established 1P3W inverter. Moreover, the bidirectional inter-connected operations between the developed micro-grid and the electric vehicle (M2V/V2M) can also be applicable. In addition, various motor drives, lighting devices and DC converter fed loads can be directly powered from the DC bus of the established micro-grid.

並列關鍵字

Micro-grid ； wind generator ； PMSG ； Vienna SMR ； commutation tuning ； interleaved boost converter ； energy storage system ； battery ； flywheel ； super-capacitor ； dump load ； droop control ； robust control ； predictive current control ； 1P3W inverter

參考文獻

[1] R. H. Lasseter and P. Paigi, “Microgrid: a conceptual solution,” in Proc. IEEE PESC, 2004, pp. 4285-4290.

[2] F. Katiraei, M. Iravani, and P. W. Lehn, “Micro-grid autonomous operation during and subsequent to islanding process,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 248-257, 2005.

[4] D. Boroyevich, I. Cvetkovic, D. Dong, R. Burgos, F. Wang, and F. C. Lee, “Future electronic power distribution systems a contemplative view,” in Proc. IEEE OPTIM, 2010, pp.1369-1380.

[5] H. Hakigano, Y. Miura, T. Ise, and R. Uchida, “DC micro-grid for super high quality distribution-system configuration and control of distributed generations and energy storage devices,” in Proc. IEEE PESC, 2006, pp. 1-7.

[6] P. Biczel, “Power electronic converters in DC microgrid,” in Proc. IEEE CPE, 2007, pp. 1-6.

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具混合儲能源風力永磁同步發電機為主直流微電網之開發及操控

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