ADHD學齡兒童的母親對ADHD學齡兒童特定行為的歸因與教養行為的關聯性

The Relationship Between the Attributions for Child's Specific Behavior and Parenting Styles in Mothers of School-Aged Children with ADHD

黃奕偉(Yi-Wei Huang)

指導教授 ： 梁培勇

中原大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2001年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200100407

摘要

摘 要
本研究試圖從歸因理論普遍模式（general model of the attribution field）的內涵，探討ADHD學齡兒童的母親對ADHD學齡兒童特定行為的歸因與教養行為的關聯性。研究中安排兩組受試者，一組為初次診斷為ADHD兒童的母親，簡稱初診組，共取28名；一組為有參與ADHD家長成長團體經歷的母親，簡稱經驗組，共取28名。本研究藉由兩版（A版和B版）歸因腳本與教養行為量表的使用，欲探討兩組受試者面對ADHD兒童的症狀（Inattentive-Overactive；簡稱IO）行為與利社會（Prosocial；簡稱PRO）行為時，在各個歸因向度（內外性、控制性、穩定性）的評量與教養行為的選擇，是否有差異存在？並探討歸因向度與教養行為之間的關係。
研究結果顯示，當受試者面對IOA（踢到東西的行為）的事件時，相較於經驗組而言，初診組較傾向認為IOA行為是孩子個人可以控制的行為，兩組皆傾向認為IOA行為是兒童的內在導因所致，在穩定性的歸因評估皆傾向保持中性歸因。當受試者面對IOB（干擾行為）的事件時，相較於經驗組而言，初診組較傾向認為IOB行為是孩子個人可以控制的行為，兩組皆傾向認為IOB行為是兒童的內在導因所致，皆傾向作出穩定性高的歸因。當受試者面對PROA（協助行為）的事件時，相較於初診組而言，經驗組較傾向認為PROA行為是孩子個人可以控制的行為，在內外性、穩定性的歸因向度，兩組則傾向保持中性歸因。當受試者面對PROB（禮讓行為）的事件時，在內外性、控制性、穩定性等歸因向度，兩組皆傾向保持中性歸因。在教養行為方面，不論就IO事件或PRO事件，兩組受試者在各個教養類型的評估皆無差異。最後進行的典型相關分析顯示，並未發現歸因向度與教養類型兩者的相關達顯著水準。
由以上的資料分析結果，筆者建議日後研究應建立歸因腳本間的複本信度，或請受試者填寫所有歸因腳本，並且針對每一歸因事件進行可能性評估。另外，亦需增加樣本人數，以確保研究假設的驗證。

關鍵字

歸因 ； 注意力缺陷過動症 ； 教養行為

並列摘要

Abstract
This research tried trying to study on the relationship between the attributions for child’s specific behavior and parenting styles in mothers of school-aged children with ADHD by means of general model of the attribution field. There were two groups of subjects. Group 1 consisited of 28 mothers whose children were just diagnosed with ADHD, and Group 2 consisted of 28 mothers who had participated in parent growth group. By using scenarios and parenting behavior scale（version A and B）, the author examined whether there is any difference between the attributions and the parenting behaviors when Group1 and Group2 face their children’s inattentive-overactive（IO） behavior and prosocial（PRO） behavior.
The results revealed that, compared with Group 2, Group 1 tended to see IOA（the behavior of kicking objects） as significantly more controllable in children. Both Group 1 and Group 2, attributed IOA to internal and moderately stable factors. Compared with Group 2, Group 1 tended to see IOB（disturbing behavior） as significantly more controllable in children. Both groups saw IOB as more internally caused, and stablely attributed in children. Compared with Group 1, Group 2 tended to see PROA（helping behavior） as controllable in children. Both groups attributed PROA to the central among internal-external and stable-unstable dimentions. As facing PROB（yield to others）, both groups attributed it again the central among internal-external, controllable-uncontrollable and stable-unstable dimensions. Regarding parenting behaviors, in IO and PRO events, there is no significant difference in their evaluations of each parenting behavior type. Finally, canonical correlation analysis didn’t reveal any significant correlation between attributions and parenting behaviors.
From the above results , the author suggested that alternate form reliability in scenarios should be established in future research. Besides, the subjects should fill in all the scenarios, and evaluate the possibility of each scenario. Specially, the researchers should increase the sample size to ensure the validation of research hypotheses.

並列關鍵字

parenting behavior ； attribution ； ADHD

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