第三方物流在穩定交貨時間下加入數量折扣之定價策略

第三方物流業者提供專業的物流知識及物流經驗，幫助企業處理相關物流問題，多數研究以供應鏈加入第三方物流系統後分析其成效，而本研究則以第三方物流角度下去探討在穩定交貨時間下的定價策略。本研究對第三方物流建構出兩種定價策略，分別為差別定價策略及統一定價策略，並加入穩定交貨時間因素去做考量。建構模式前先分析第三方物流在執行物流作業時所需負擔的成本，並將其成本分別導入差別定價策略及統一定價策略之中，求出貨運合併週期進而求得利潤，結果顯示使用差別定價策略能夠獲得更高的利潤。最後再以敏感度分析方式來判斷第三方物流的重要成本對貨運合併週期及利潤的影響程度。第三方物流比起其他產業更需要長期合作機制，因此本研究參考供應鏈協調機制中的數量折扣概念，修改成以第三方物流為主體的折扣機制。結果顯示加入折扣機制後雖使第三方物流的利潤降低，但因優惠的價格可促使需求量上升且能減少第三方物流的成本浪費，未來的研究能夠將此折扣定價機制加入供應鏈體系中降低整體供應鏈物流成本。

關鍵字

穩定交貨時間；定價策略；供應鏈協調機制；第三方物流

並列摘要

Third party logistics providers offer professional knowledge and experience of logistics to assist organizations in processing logistic related problems; most research analyzed the effects after third party logistics system joins the supply chain. Therefore, this study constructed two types of pricing schemes to fit third party logistics, which are differential pricing schemes and uniform-mean-time pricing schemes, as well as taking the stable delivery time into consideration. Before constructing model, this study analyzed the cost of processing logistics operations from third party logistics and introduced it into differential pricing schemes and uniform-mean-time pricing schemes, then found the profit by calculating the shipment consolidation cycles. In consequence, the result shows that differential pricing schemes can produce higher profit to organizations. Finally, using sensitivity analysis method, this study determined the influences of the important parameters of the third party logistics on the period or profit of shipment consolidation cycles. Comparing with other industries, the third party logistics rely more on long-term cooperating mechanism. Therefore, referring to the quantity discounts concept in supply chain coordination mechanism, this study incorporated that into the third party logistics system. The result shows that although the profit of the third party logistics decreases after employing the new mechanism, the demand has increased due to the discount price; moreover, the waste of cost decreases.

並列關鍵字

pricing schemes ； third party logistics ； stable delivery time ； supply chain coordination mechanism

參考文獻

1. Borenstein, S.(1985), “Price discrimination in free-entry markets.”, RAND Journal of Economics, 16, 380-397.

2. Boyaci, T., S. Ray(2003), “Product differentiation and capacity cost interaction in time and price sensitive markets.”, Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 5 (1), 18–36.

3. Carroll, K. and D. Coates(1999), “Teaching price discrimination: Some clarification.”, Southern Economic Journal, 66, 466–480.

4. Christopher, M.(2000), “The agile supply chain: competing in volatile markets.”, Ind. Mark. Manage, 29(1), 37–44.

6. Daugherty, P.J., T.P. Stank and D.S. Rogers(1996), “Third-party logistics service providers: purchasers’ perceptions.”, International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, 32(1), 23–29.

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第三方物流在穩定交貨時間下加入數量折扣之定價策略

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