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  • 學位論文

全民健保財務問題與藥價黑洞之探討-以系統動力學實證研究

National Health Insurance Financial Problem and the “Black Hole” of Medicine Pricing- An Empirical Study of System Dynamics Approach

指導教授 : 劉立倫
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摘要


我國自1995年三月實施全民健康保險,用以改善我國國民健康生活,實施至今民眾滿意度高,但由於保險費費基僵化、費率不易調整、醫療需求增加及藥品交易過程的無效率導致健保財務失衡日趨嚴重。本研究透過系統動力學研究流程,利用Vensim電腦套裝軟體建立全民健保被保險人、保險人及醫療機構三者的關係模型,並發展可行的方案以期能減輕健保財務虧損的壓力。主要研究目的為:1、以系統動力學建構健保財務預測模型;2、探討造成健保財務缺口的主因;3、預測健保財務的可能發展;4、以政策模擬找出可能縮減健保財務缺口的可行政策。 本研究針對調升保險費率、調整部分負擔比例、增收門診自負額等三種方案進行測試。研究結果發現由於老年化人口來臨,被保險人口比例逐年減少,眷屬比例卻逐年提高,使得健保收入無法因調整費率獲得有效的成長。此外若使用醫療資源的成本提高,民眾因而減少醫療需求,醫療院所減少對藥品的使用及支出進而減少來自藥價黑洞造成的財務無效率使用,以增加醫療需求者對醫療資源使用的責任感來抑制醫療費用的上漲,有助於改善財務虧損的狀況。但由於台灣健保體制特殊,政策調整常受限於政治因素考量使得制度不易調整,因此政府政策往往僅具短期效果,長期沒有顯著的改善。

並列摘要


In order to improve our citizenly health, the National Health Insurance (NHI) policy was officially implemented in Taiwan on March 1995. Even if NHI had high satisfaction, the insurance premium bases harden into stone; tariff was not easy to adjustment; the demand for medical treatment increased and the trading process was inefficiently all of them were causing the financial deficit. The study use system dynamics research process and Vensim software to build the relationship between insured, insurer and medical institution. Using the model develop the workable policy to mitigate the financial pressure. This study focus on three purposes: (1) building NHI financial predict model by system dynamics, (2) probe the main reason to lead the deficit, (3) predict the workable development for NHI finance, (4) using model stimulation to find out workable policy for mitigating the financial presses. This study chosen three policies to stimulate: (1) increase insurance tariff, (2) increase co-payment, (3) increase deductible in out-patient department. According to the aging population society are coming, the insured population decreasing and the family dependants increasing year in and year out so that the revenue from insurance would not have very significant growth. If increase the medical cost from patient then will decrease the medical demand, the medical institution will decrease drug using then lighten the “black hole” influence from drug expenses. Raise medical demander’s responsible to restrain the medical expense increasing are helpful to mend financial deficit. Because of Taiwan have special frame to NHI, the policy adjustment often become political machine then the policy simply has short run effect there are no significant improvement in the long run.

參考文獻


許碩芬、楊雅玲、范碧純,2005,「台灣健保醫療費用時間序列預測模型」,風險管理學報,第七卷第三期:頁279-299。
陳欽賢,2007,由各國經驗檢視我國自負額制度可行方案之研究,中央健保局委託研究計畫,計畫編號:96K1155。
韓揆,2005,「診斷組合制在台推行問題(下)— 論病例計酬及實施準備」,醫務管理期刊,第六卷第一期。
韓揆,2005,「診斷組合制在台推行問題(上)— DRGs支付精神,支付邏輯及其侷限」,醫務管理期刊,第六卷第一期。
現行制度,2007,中央健保局。摘自 2007年11月12日於

被引用紀錄


洪朝禎(2010)。以系統動力學探討醫院門診服務量與品質的互動〔碩士論文,長榮大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2010.00035

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