小琉球風景區遊客量推估與遊客心理承載量分析

The Study of Estimation and Tourists’ Psychological Carrying Capacity in Liu Ciou Specific Scenery Area

王韶怡(Shao-I Wang)

指導教授 ： 陳光華 ； 黃榮鵬

國立高雄餐旅大學/餐旅學院/旅遊管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6825/NKUHT.2009.00022

摘要

鑒於遊客量之掌握與景點之社會心理承載量測定，有助提升遊客之遊憩體驗品質，本研究目的在於建立小琉球之遊客人數推估模式與小琉球當地八處景點之社會心理承載量，以供大鵬灣國家風景管理處作為小琉球全島觀光開發之依據。遊客量推估係以實地調查法於東港公、民營碼頭取得原始數據並配合海巡署資料，算出各日之遊客比例，最後加上高雄真愛碼頭開往小琉球之遊客數據，推估結果2008全年遊客量為283,097人。社會心理承載量以遊客心理層面所感受之擁擠知覺作為評估指標，分析結果顯示，小琉球八處景點之擁擠程度皆為「適中」；各景點之遊憩活動偏好以觀賞日落、海景、戲水與野炊、露營、步道健行、潮間帶活動與地質景觀等對擁擠知覺有影響。於各景點遊客感受之擁擠知覺對整體滿意度之影響程度，多為活動空間太小、景點遊客太多為影響整體滿意度之因素。各景點瞬間最適承載量為：花瓶岩瞬間最適承載人數為39人、美人洞瞬間最適承載人數為41人、沙瑪基生態營區瞬間最適承載人數為66人、杉福生態廊道瞬間最適承載人數為39人、山豬溝瞬間最適承載人數為64人、蛤板灣瞬間最適承載人數為47人、烏鬼洞瞬間最適承載人數為34人、厚石裙礁瞬間最適承載人數為36人。對於小琉球各景點之承載量管制措施，建議有關單位能建立並規範各景點承載人數，並利用分散機制，與旅遊業者溝通，防止過多遊客同時出現於同一景點，另應適時教育遊客有關維護當地環境與承載量等相關觀念。

關鍵字

遊客量推估 ； 社會心理承載量 ； 擁擠知覺

並列摘要

In view of controlling the number of tourists and determining social psychological carrying capacity of attractions which help raise the quality of tourists’ recreation experience, this article focus on tourist estimation and social psychological carrying capacity in eight attractions of Liu Ciu Specific Scenery Area so as to provide an important reference of tourism development in Liu Ciu Specific Scenery Area for Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area. For tourist estimation, first of all, “field survey method” would be used to get the raw data (first-hand information) from public and private harbors in Tung-Kang. And then, the second-hand information acquired from Coast Guard Administration would be calculated in order to get tourist ratio and estimate tourist number per month and in the whole year. At last, the tourist number from Love Pier in Kaohsiung to Liu Ciu Specific Scenery Area will be added. There are in total 283,097 tourists in Liu Ciu Specific Scenery Area in 2008. For social psychological carrying capacity, tourists’ crowding perception would be regarded as an indicator. The result shows that eight spots in Liu Ciu Specific Scenery Area are "moderate" in the crowd level and that the recreation-activity preferences such as watching the sunset and ocean views, swimming, picnicking, camping, hiking trails, playing in the intertidal zone and sightseeing geological landscape would influence tourists’ crowding perception. Among factors of tourists’ crowding perception, which impacts the overall satisfaction in eight spots, “small space” and “too many tourists” are emphasized. The instantaneous optimum carrying capacity for eight spots are as following: Flower Vase Rock should be limited below 39 people, Beauty Cave should be limited below 41 people, Samaji Island Camping Area should be limited below 66 people, Sanfu Ecologist Walkway should be limited below 39 people, Wild Boar Ravine should be limited below 64 people, Venice Beach should be limited below 47 people, Black Devil Cave should be limited below 34 people, Houshi Strange Rock Area should be limited below 36 people. Implication for carrying capacity of spots in Liu Ciu Specific Scenery Area are proposed for the related sectors concerned. First, they could set up and regulate the limited number of tourists for memtioned above spots. Second, use dispersion mechanism, and communicate with travel agents to prevent from excessive tourists in one spot. Third, tourists should be educated timely about local environmental maintenance and related concepts such as carrying capacity.

並列關鍵字

Tourist estimation ； social psychological carrying capacity ； crowding perception

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