以代理人基模型探討合群支付機制對生態旅遊社區永續管理之成效:以埔里地區為例

Agent-Based Modeling for Sustainable Management of Ecotourism Community by Using Agglomeration Payments in Puli area

簡江原(Chiang-Yuan Chien)

指導教授 ： 葉家瑜

國立暨南國際大學/管理學院/經濟學系/碩士(2017年)

摘要

台灣許多地方的發展存在許多共用資源的管理問題，包括生態、景觀、與文化等資源，因此，如何經營共用資源(common-pool resources, CPR)是地方永續發展之關鍵性因素。近期合群支付(agglomeration payments, AP)受到重視，此機制給予政策採行者一筆金額做為報酬，而且當採行者的鄰域也改為配合施作的話，此採行者會另外收到一筆額外津貼(bonus)。此機制不但提供誘因參與政策，更以鄰域間的互相依賴性(interdependence)激發出潛在社會規範的力量，促使社區內的採行者可以彼此監督，提高政策的採用率，也顯著減少執行單位稽查與監控成本。
Agent based model (ABM)模型描述系統中各個角色(agents)與組織(institutions)間複雜的互動關係，同時考量時間和空間的因素，可更接近真實世界的模擬。因此，本研究以ABM模型評估AP制度於埔里地區土地管理的生態效益，以Excel的隨機函數代表土地決策者的隨機性，建立一個完整的模擬環境，且以生態效益函數作為評估合群支付效果的工具，如果合群支付能夠使土地決策者的土地利用密集度提高，則成效愈好。透過此方法可以找出最適合執行合群支付的環境。

關鍵字

代理人基模型 ； 合群支付

並列摘要

The rural development in Taiwan has many common resource management issues, including ecology, landscape, and culture. Therefore, how to operate common-pool resources (CPR) is a key factor in local sustainable development. The recent agglomeration payments (AP) are taken into account, and this mechanism gives the policy participant a payment, and when the participant's neighbors decide to cooperate, the participants will receive an additional allowance (Bonus). This mechanism not only provides incentives to participate in the policy, but also the interdependence relationships to stimulate the potential social norms that make the community supervising each other to improve the adoption rate of the policy, as well as to reduce the monitoring costs significantly.
The Agent based model (ABM) model describes the complex interactions between agents and organizations in the system, taking into account the time and space factors, which can be closer to real-world simulations. Therefore, the ABM model is used to evaluate the ecological benefits of the AP system in the management of the land use in Puli. A simulation environment is established in Excel to include the ecological benefit function as the assessment tool. If the agglomeration payments can make the land use density increased, the effect is significant. Through this method, the most suitable environment for the implementation of agglomeration payments can be identified.

並列關鍵字

Agent-Based Modeling ； Agglomeration Payments

參考文獻

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