This research takes a small rural school in Nantou County as the research object. From facing the problem of declining children to the problem of arbitration in small schools. Finally choose to transform into an experimental school. This article focuses on the predicament of the transformation and how to overcome in the process of transformation of small rural schools. Base on the research result,some conclusions were drawn: 1. Curriculum development is bottom-up and inventory of courses is an important process. 2. In terms of team operation, the sense of crisis is an opportunity to make the team willing to change. 3. The dilemma of the transition comes from system problems and teacher structure. Finally,based on the research results, relevant suggestions are put forward for reference by education authorities and small rural schools.