竹科工程師中年生涯轉換之敘說研究

本研究主要目的在於探討竹科工程師於中年早期從事生涯轉換的動機、歷程以及轉換對他們的影響與意義，因此研究採用敘事取向之質性研究方法，針對三位竹科工程師於中年早期從事生涯轉換的相關經驗進行深度訪談，並以敘說研究之「整體-內容」方式進行資料整理與分析。本研究發現如下：首先，關於竹科工程師中年生涯轉換的動機，三位受訪者的中年生涯轉換均非計畫性，他們生涯轉換動機的產生，可以從他們早期的生涯發展模式、轉換前的生涯發展與工作狀態，以及轉換前生涯目標的轉變來探究，以下歸納四點研究發現：一、二十歲早期展現對竹科工作的高度承諾，缺乏對於職業選項與個人喜好的充分探索；二、生涯發展狀態具有吸力，但工作狀態則可能具有推力；三、年近四十歲時預見竹科生涯發展的受限性；四、嘗試、探索與實現個人興趣，活出生命不同的可能性。其次，關於竹科工程師的中年生涯轉換歷程，本研究歸納三位受訪者的中年生涯轉換歷程中所呈現的諸多面向，而有以下六點研究發現：一、偶發事件創造機會並鋪陳轉折，引導生涯轉換方向；二、與個人興趣緊密相關的學習與探索；三、脫離對於科技的高度專注，進行多元接觸與多元學習；四、工作價值從重視外在、物質層面，轉為偏重內在、精神層面；五、經濟條件支持生涯轉換，但經濟因素仍為轉換中的重要考量；六、婚姻關係影響個人中年生涯轉換並受其影響。最後，關於中年生涯轉換對於竹科工程師的影響與意義，對於三位受訪者而言，中年生涯轉換歷程對他們的影響及他們賦予此經驗的意義，可歸納為以下三點：一、展現真實而完整的自己；二、發現自我創生的契機；三、邁向成為統整而獨特的個人。研究者並根據研究結論與發現，針對中年早期有意或已從事自願性生涯轉換之科技人員、諮商工作者、國內生涯教育與未來研究方向提出建議。

關鍵字

中年轉換；生涯轉換；科技人員

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to understand for the engineers who worked in Hsinchu Science-Based Industrial Park and then went through career transition in their early middle adulthood, the motivation and process of the transition, the affects of the transition towards them and the meanings they gave towards this experience. The data was collected by half-structure interview from 3 interviewers and analyzed by narrative and holistic-content analytic method. The finds were as follows: First, about the motivation of the midlife career transition, for the 3 interviewers, their midlife career transition were all unplanned; their motivation of career transition can be investigated from their early career development pattern, career development status and work conditions before the transition, and their change of the career goals before the transition. The results were summed up as the following four aspects: 1.They all showed strong commitments to their engineer works in their early twenties, without sufficient exploration of occupational choices and personal interests; 2. Before the transition, their career development statuses all seemed attracting, but their work conditions might push them toward the transition; 3. They all foresaw a restricted career development along the engineers’ career path near their forties and 4. They devoted themselves to the career transition to try out, explore and realize their personal interests, and to live out different possibilities of their lives. Secondly, about the process of the midlife career transition, for the 3 interviewers, the following six aspects were found: 1. Serendipitous events created oppertunities and made turning points along the transition course, guiding the career transition direction; 2. Learning and exploration closely related to personal interests were engaged; 3. Escaped from highly focus on technology, they went for diverse contacts and learning. 4. Work values changed from emphasis on external, material aspects to internal, spiritual ones. 5. Economical conditions supported their career transition, but economical factors were still considered important during the transition and 6. Marriage relationship influenced one’s midlife career transition, and was itself affected by this process. Finally, about the affects and the meanings of the midlife career transition, for the 3 interviewers, the affects of the transition towards them and the meanings they gave towards this experience were summed up as follows: 1. Through this process, they expressed their true and whole selves; 2. They found the possibilities of self-generation, and 3.They were becoming integrated and unique individuals. Based on the research findings, suggestions were given to the counselors and the technologists who would like to devote or already devoted themselves to midlife career transition. Suggestions to our career education and further research were also given.