警察工作壓力源與因應策略之研究
--以南投縣警察為例

近幾年警察因公猝死或殉職新聞時有所聞，警察工作被民眾認為是高度壓力緊張的職業，且本身工作內容具有不確定性（如：警察工作處理內容過於廣泛，人事時地物皆有變數，當人面對且要處理不確定人事物時，皆會產生莫大壓力）。本研究旨在探討現行政治、經濟與社會環境下，警察值勤制度對警察工作壓力影響因素與其因應策略，主要目的分別為：一、環境因素與壓力。二、制度因素與壓力並探討社會變遷、政治變遷、民眾心理與警務內容的變化。三、個人因素與壓力來探討。以南投縣警察局行政警察為主要研究對象，進行深度訪談調查研究，正式施測分為A、B、C、D四組，組別分為A組是警察外勤主管組，B組是為內勤主管組，C組是資深外勤同仁組（服務年資超過20年以上），D組是資淺外勤同仁組（服務年資未滿6年以下），進行深度訪談資料分析。從巨觀層次言，整個國家、社會環境的變遷、當今警察面臨的壓力威權時代服從上級命令執行勤務，到面臨多元發展社會壓力。值勤內容擴展到幾乎是的以服務民眾需求為主的任務。從制度層次言，政治力介入警務值勤與升遷制度幾乎是所有受訪者均感受到的制度壓力。業務過度龐雜，自主性較為低落以及退輔制度的改變都讓不同組別訪談個案產生極大壓力。此外，不同體系來源的警力背景也讓制度內的協調產生一定的衝突。在個人微觀層次，角色衝突、勞務情緒過大都造成警員身心壓力。最後，根據研究分析結果與歸納，提出合適建議，以提供政府、警界高層、實務工作及未來研究之參考。

關鍵字

警察制度；壓力源；因應策略

並列摘要

In recent years, there have been news about the sudden death or death of police officers on duty. Police work is considered by the public to be a highly stressful occupation, and the content of the work itself is uncertain (for example, the content of police work is too extensive, and the personnel, time and place are different. There are variables, when people face and have to deal with uncertain people and things, they will generate great pressure). The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing police work pressure and its coping strategies under the current political, economic and social environment. The main purposes are as follows: 1. Environmental factors and pressure. Second, institutional factors and pressures and discuss social changes, political changes, changes in people's psychology and police content. 3. Discuss personal factors and pressure. Taking the administrative police of Nantou County Police Department as the main research object, conducting in-depth interviews and research, the formal test is divided into four groups: A, B, C, and D. Group A is the police field supervisor group, and group B is the internal office. The supervisor group, the C group is the senior field colleagues group (with more than 20 years of service), and the D group is the senior field colleagues (with less than 6 years of service), and in-depth interview data analysis is carried out. From the macroscopic level, the entire country, the changes in the social environment, the pressure and authoritarian era facing the police today, obeying the orders of superiors to perform duties, and facing the pressure of diversified development society. The content of on-duty is extended to almost all tasks that are mainly based on serving the needs of the public. At the institutional level, the involvement of political power in the police duty and promotion system is the institutional pressure felt by almost all respondents. Excessive and complex business, low autonomy and changes in the withdrawal system have all caused great pressure to interview cases in different groups. In addition, the background of police forces from different systems also causes certain conflicts in the coordination within the system. At the personal micro-level, role conflicts and excessive labor sentiment all cause physical and psychological pressure on police officers. Finally, according to the research analysis results and conclusions, appropriate suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the government, senior police officers, practical work and future research.