父職參與對國小高年級學童學業成就、同儕互動影響之研究-以臺北市為例

A Study Concerning the Influence of Fatherhood Involvement on Academic Achievement and Peer Interaction of the Upper Grade Children：An Example of Elementary Schools in Taipei City

鄭斐云

指導教授 ： 黃馨慧博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討不同背景變項(父親教育程度、父子相處時間、母親工作狀態、婚姻滿意度、子女性別、子女數、子女出生序)對父職參與、學童學業成就及同儕互動關係之差異情形，並瞭解學童學業成就與同儕互動間之關係，同時探討影響學業成就與同儕互動的因素。研究採問卷調查法，以臺北市國小高年級學童及其父親為研究對象，使用「父職參與量表」及「同儕互動量表」為研究工具，總計回收有效問卷472份。調查所得資料以SPSS 12.0 for Windows統計套裝軟體進行描述統計分析、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關及多元階層迴歸分析，主要結果發現如下：
一、國小高年級學童父親之父職參與程度大致良好。父職參與層面由高至低依序為「生活需求與照顧」、「關懷鼓勵與溝通」、「管教培育與示範」、「休閒活動與陪伴」、「學校及課業參與」。
二、父職參與會因「父親教育程度」、「父子相處時間」、「母親就業狀態」及「婚姻滿意度」不同而有顯著差異。
三、學童學業成就會因「子女數」、「父親教育程度」不同而有顯著差異，子女數為二人及父親教育程度愈高者，學童學業成就愈佳。
四、學童同儕互動會因「性別」不同而有顯著差異，其中女生優於男生。
五、學童學業成就與同儕互動關係間有顯著正相關。
六、父職參與「生活需求與照顧」及「休閒活動與陪伴」層面對學童學業成就、國語科及數學科學業成就有顯著預測力；另「子女性別」對學童國語科學業成就亦有顯著預測力。
七、「子女性別」及父職「休閒活動與陪伴」層面對學童同儕互動有顯著預測力。
最後依據研究發現提出建議，作為家長、學校、社會環境及未來研究之參考。

關鍵字

父職參與 ； 學業成就 ； 同儕互動

並列摘要

This thesis aims at investigating the influences of family conditions on fatherhood involvement as well as academic achievement and peer interaction of school children. In addition, this thesis tries to explore the relationship between academic achievement and peer interaction of school children as well as what kinds of factors which would affect their academic achievement and peer interaction. Based on these purposes, this thesis adopts questionnaire method and uses ‘’Fatherhood Involvement Questionnaire” and ”Peer Interaction Questionnaire” as tools to collect data. The subjects of this survey include children in upper grade of elementary schools and their fathers from Taipei City. As it turned out, 472 effectual data were gathered. The statistics programming software of “SPSS 12.0 for Windows” is used to do descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance（ANOVA）, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple hierarchical regression analysis.
The following are the main findings of this thesis :
1. On the whole, the condition of fatherhood involvement is pretty good. The score of aspects of fatherhood involvement from high to low is “life necessity and care”、” concern and communication”、”discipline and model learning”、”leisure and gathering” and ”school affairs and academic involvement”.
2. The degree of fatherhood involvement significantly varies according to “father’s educational level”、” time spent in the gathering of fathers and their children”、”mother’s occupation ”and “marital satisfaction”.
3. “The number of children” and “father’s educational level” are found to lead a significant difference in children’s academic performance. That is, the higher father’s educational level is , the better children’s academic achievement is. Moreover, while a family has two children, the school children have better academic performance.
4. The condition of peer interaction varies significantly according to the gender factor.
And the peer relationship of female students is better than that of male students.
5. The relationship between “academic achievement” and “ peer interaction “ of school children is significantly positively correlated.
6. The predictability of the aspect of “life necessity and care” and “leisure and gathering” of fatherhood involvement to academic performance of school children , among other things, Mandarin and mathematics, has a significant effect. Furthermore, the predictability of “children’s gender” to the academic performance of Mandarin
has a significant effect as well.
7. The predictability of “children’s gender” and the aspect of “leisure and gathering ”of fatherhood involvement to peer interaction of school children has a significant effect.
In the light of the above findings, several suggestions are presented and provides implications for parents , schools, social environment, and further study with a view to improving the learning surroundings of school children.

並列關鍵字

Fatherhood Involvement ； Academic Achievement ； Peer Interaction

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