創業家精神之知覺對創新行為及工作滿意度的影響：以思考風格及經驗開放性為調節變項

Effects of the Perception of Entrepreneurship on Innovative Behavior and Job Satisfaction: Thinking Styles and Openness to Experience as Moderating Variables.

陳婷婷(Ting-Ting Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳學志

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/創造力發展碩士在職專班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究主要探討教職員知覺之主管創業家精神對其創新行為及工作滿意度的影響，並進而了解個人思考風格與經驗開放性是否會與其所知覺之創業家精神產生交互作用而對創新行為及工作滿意度造成效果。為達到前述目的，本研究以國軍所屬七所軍事基礎院校的教師、行政人員及隊職幹部為研究對象，研究工具包括研究者修編的「創業家精神之知覺」、「創新行為」及「經驗開放性」量表，經過預試之後修訂成正式量表，並同時採用國內學者修編的「工作滿意度」及「思考風格」量表，針對所回收375份有效樣本，分別以描述性統計、相關分析及階層迴歸等統計方法考驗相關假設。研究結果如下：
一、教職員知覺之主管創業家精神對其工作滿意度具有正向影響；而當知覺主管「創新自主性」越高時，則其所表現的創新行為較高。
二、教職員的思考風格會對其創業家精神之知覺與工作滿意度之間具有調節效果，其中以「創新自主與立法型」及「創新自主與司法型」的交互作用對工作滿意度最具調節效果。
三、教職員經驗開放性的高低對主管創業家精神之知覺與其工作滿意度之間的關係具有顯著的調節效果，其中以創業家精神之知覺的「競爭積極」與經驗開放性的交互作用對工作滿意度最具調節效果。
近年來各軍事院校在面臨人力嚴重短缺及民間學校競爭的壓力下，有賴教職員創新的行為表現，如創新課程設計、精進行政作業流程及創造學校特色等，而教職員創新的行為表現需有主管創業家精神的領導，才能獲得支持與進步。

關鍵字

創業家精神 ； 創新行為 ； 工作滿意度 ； 思考風格 ； 經驗開放性

並列摘要

Purposes of this study were to investigate effects of the perception of entrepreneurship on innovative behavior and job satisfaction. Additionally, this study explored the interaction between perception of entrepreneurship and its mediating variables, thinking styles and openness to experience. The interaction also used to examine the effects on innovative behavior and job satisfaction.
Study subjects include faculty, administrators, and official cadres of seven military universities in Taiwan. Study instrument comprises three pretested dimensions (the perception of entrepreneurship, innovative behavior, and openness to experience) and two established scales by domestic scholars, job satisfaction and thinking styles. Descriptive statistical analyses, correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression were employed to test study hypotheses based on 375 valid respondents. Main findings of this study are as followings.
(1) Perception of entrepreneurship to manager has positive effects on job satisfaction. The more innovative autonomy of managers perceived by the respondents, the better performance could be expected on their innovative behavior.
(2) There are interactions between thinking styles and perception of entrepreneurship as well as job satisfaction. Significant interactions with job satisfaction found in both “innovative autonomy vs legislative style” and “innovative autonomy vs judicial style”.
(3) There are significant interactions between openness to experience and perception of managerial entrepreneurship as well as job satisfaction, especially for the perception of managerial entrepreneurship with competitive and aggressive characteristics.
Military universities in Taiwan have been facing serious manpower shortage and various challenges from general universities. It is time for staff of military universities to think of more innovative behavior and creative performance, such as creative curriculum design, simplified administrative procedure, and forming distinguishing features of the university. With successful leadership of managerial entrepreneurship, any innovative behavior among staff of military universities may be encouraged and improving.

並列關鍵字

entrepreneurship ； innovative behavior ； job satisfaction ； thinking styles ； openness to experience

參考文獻

林南宏、何慶煌 （2007）。創業家精神與經濟指標的關聯性研究：1996~2005的實證分析。創業管理研究，2（4），113-142。

唐永泰（2006）。轉換型領導、工作動機與員工創新行為的關係。人力資源管理學報，6（4），47-66。

劉常勇、謝如梅（2006）。創業管理研究之回顧與展望：理論與模式探討。創業管理研究，1（1），1-43。

蔡明田、余明助（2000）。企業文化、組織生涯管理與組織績效之關係研究—以台灣高科技產業為例。管理評論，7（2），249-270。

蔡啟通、高泉豐（2004）。動機取向、組織創新氣候與員工創新行為之關係：Amabile動機綜效模型之驗證。管理學報，21（5），571-592。