學生自治與參與權之研究－以技術學院學生代表制為範疇

A Research of Student Autonomy & Attendance Right ─ Based on the Student Representative Systems in Institutes of Technology

簡澄溪(Chien Cheng-Hsi)

指導教授 ： 林安邦

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/公民教育與活動領導學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2004年)

摘要

本文旨在針對我國教改十年以來，升格為技術學院之大專校院學生代表，得依據大學法第十七條之規定有權利出席學校校務會議及與其學業、生活及獎懲有關規章之各種委員會議，學校並應積極保障及輔導學生成立自治團體以落實學生自治之現況，透過文獻探討與資料分析，探究技術學院學生代表參與學校校務運作機制之法理基礎及其意涵，並進而提供參考意見，期許對落實學生自治、維護學生權利及促進學生人格發展之教育目標，能提供些微之貢獻。
本文經文獻探討與資料分析後，獲致之研究發現如下：
壹、學生代表出席委員會為學生自治之象徵
依大學法立法精神，為增進教育效果，應經由選舉產生之學生代表出席校務會議，此一學生參與校務運作模式，為學生自治的主要象徵，學生參與校務運作純熟，即為落實學生自治之主要模式。
貳、大學自治與學生自治之範疇容易被侵犯
基於大學自治精神，是否設置學生代表係屬大專校院本於大學法之自治範疇，行政機關並不得明文干涉；同樣的，學生代表之產生方式亦應屬於學生自治之範疇，不宜由校方逕行指定學生代表人選，否則，均屬於對學生自治範疇之侵害作為。
參、學生代表席次未達提案門檻之合理比率
委員會中所設學生代表委員若未達連署提案門檻之合理比率，則無法反映出學生心聲，學校即應考慮提昇學生代表之席次。
肆、學生代表產生方式及會議功能未予明定
學校各項委員會學生委員產生方式，應該交由學生自治團體協商推舉或全校普選產生，學生代表之會議功能亦應等同於全體與會委員，而不受任何限縮，以充分符合學生自治之精神。
伍、學生自治範圍並不宜擴及全般學校事務
團體共同構成員對己身權利與義務均需依共同之約定遵行之，學生有遵行學校師生共同規範之必要，對於一般性的學生活動及生活事務，當然應享有充分的自治權利，但是對於學校發展、財務稽核或課程安排等專業領域，則仍不宜完全納入學生自治之範疇。

關鍵字

學生自治 ； 學生權利 ； 正當法律程序 ； 特別權利關係

並列摘要

It has been ten years since the educational reform. According to Article 17 of the College Law, student representatives in the Institutes of Technology have the rights to attend the Meetings of School Affairs and all committees related to the regulations of students’ school work, school life, and merits/demerits. Also, schools should actively assist students in the establishment of autonomy communities to achieve the state of student autonomy. Through documentary research and data analysis, this essay will study the legal basis and the significance of student representatives in the Institutes of Technology taking parts in the operational mechanism of the schools affairs. Moreover, suggestions are made to achieve the educational goals of the realization of student autonomy, protection of student right, and the development of student personality.
The following are some of our research findings: (1) Student representatives attending school committee is a symbol of student autonomy. Student representatives are elected and attend the Meetings of School Affairs, which is symbol of student autonomy. A primary mode of student autonomy is that students can take part in the operations of school affairs. (2) The spirit of college autonomy and student autonomy are easily violated. According to the spirit of college autonomy, the administration departments cannot interfere with the production of student representatives. Nor can the student representatives be assigned by the school. Otherwise, it would be a violation of the spirit of student autonomy. (3) The seats of the student representatives do not cross over the threshold of proposal making. If the number of the student representatives falls below a reasonable ratio, students cannot fully express their thoughts. School should consider raising the seat number of student representatives. (4) The production of student representatives and the functions of the meeting they attend are not clearly defined. Student representatives should be produced through negotiation or recommendation from student autonomy communities, or be elected by all students on campus. To realize the spirit of student autonomy, student representatives attending meetings should hold the same power as all the other committeeperson. (5) Student autonomy should not interfere with the operations of general school affairs.Such as the development of the school, financial audit and course arrangements, which belong to the professional fields and are not suitable to be included in the scope of student autonomy.