我國縣市教育局長任用與角色之研究

The Recruitment and Roles of Superintendents in the County Bureau of Education

曾素鳳(Tzeng sufeng)

指導教授 ： 王麗雲

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2004年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討我國地方制度法前後縣市教育局長之任用與角色。本研究採訪談、文獻分析、及文件分析來探討研究問題。本研究選擇台灣省北部一縣市作為研究焦點。

研究發現教育局長扮演多元角色，包括：教育領導者、公務員、企業經營者、政治人員、社區領導者等；局長所面對的角色衝突，包括：自我期望和實際表現的落差、長官和部屬、公務員與政治人員、工作和家庭等的角色衝突；局長避免角色衝突，可採的策略包括：以專業爭取支持、依行政作業程序解決問題、做好時間管理、彈性解決問題、及忽略不理等。局長工作過度負荷。他們面對太多的工作壓力，必須解決各種不同的問題。“衝突是局長的DNA”。與他人溝通協商及解決衝突，成為教育局長非常重要的工作。

改善教育局長的任用及表現成功的局長，本研究的建議是：
一、對縣市政府的建議：建立教育局長的證照制度，以確保其專業品質；明確訂定教育局長職權與工作、增加教育局人員編制、提高教育局長福利、暢通教育局長升遷管道、妥善保存各局室之史料等；
二、對教育局長的建議：勇於面對議題，彈性扮演多元角色、培養教育專業，建立公共形象、維持社區的支持、持續追求專業發展，也是局長重要的工作。局長也需要成為有效能的溝通者及決策者。

關鍵字

教育局長 ； 任用 ； 角色 ； 壓力 ； 角色衝突 ； 縣市教育局

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the recruitment and roles of superintendents in Taiwan before and after the passage of Local Management Law. Interviews, literature review, and document analysis were used to address the research questions. A county in northern Taiwan was chosen as the focus of study.

It was found that superintendents play lots of different roles, including education-leader, civil servant, manager, politician, community-leader, etc. The role conflicts faced by superintendents include the gap between self-expectation and real performance, being a boss and a subordinate, an officer and a politician at the same time, and responsibilities to be fulfilled at work and in the family. Superintendents may avoid role conflicts by winning support through professional leadership, abiding by the administrative operation procedure when resolving problems, efficient　time-management, purposive neglect when necessary, etc. Superintendents are often overloaded. They face too much work pressure and have to solve different problems. “Conflict is the superintendent’s DNA ”. Communicating with others and dissolving conflicts have become the superintendents’ important work.

The following suggestions are made to improve the recruitment and successful performance of superintendents.
1. Suggestion for the County Government: Superintendents’ license system need to be established in order to ensure the quality and professional status of superintendents. The responsibilities and work of superintendents need to be laid out clearly,
2. Suggestion for the superintendents: Superintendents should face the problems directly. It is important for them to play different roles on the job. Building public images, maintaining community support, and continuous professional development are also important task of superintendents. Superintendents also need to be effective communicators and policy makers.

並列關鍵字

superintendent ； employment ； role ； role pressure ； role conflict ； the bureau of education of the county