跆拳道運動在台灣發展過程之研究

The study of Taekwon Do's course of development in Taiwan

葉霽翔

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

摘 要
跆拳道自韓國引進台灣迄今三十餘年，在國內，軍中早有其專項的戰
技訓練隊伍，警察單位也將其列為常年訓練的課程;另外，學校亦普遍設有
跆拳道社團，坊間更成立數百家道館。儘管跆拳道在台灣推展的時間不長，
但跆拳道選手在國際上卻有斐然可觀的成績表現。因此，何以跆拳道運動
可以在這樣短的時間，即能在台灣有此發展的成果，原因深值探討。
根據筆者研究，對其提出以下幾點結論：
一、 我國跆拳道的傳入，乃是在時代背景的迫使下促成，由於兩岸情
勢的緊張與反攻大陸的國防政策驅使，國軍戰技訓練故受重視。
基於當時中、韓兩國同為反共親密友邦，以及跆拳道在近身肉博
戰的實際功效，乃受到當時國防部長蔣經國的青睞，因而傳入台
灣。
二、 民國56（1967）年，跆拳道首先傳入「陸戰隊莒拳班」，成為我
國跆拳道之發源地。在軍方有計畫的訓練與編定教材之下，乃培
育出許多軍中與民間道館的師資，埋下跆拳道在民間蓬勃發展的
種子，也造就了選手日後在國際跆壇上的優異表現，而日漸取代
軍中在台灣跆拳道界的地位。
三、 跆拳道在民間萌芽，始於民國58（1969）年。民國62（1973）
年「中華民國跆拳道協會」成立，官方的主導致使跆拳道在民間
迅速生根、茁壯。民國73（1984）年，羅張轉任警政署長一職，
更促使了跆拳道的觸角伸及警界，並使跆拳道的發展更形多元。
而民間道館數量亦逐漸達到顛峰，跆拳道在「面的普及」可見一
斑。如今，在民間人士主導下的中華民國跆拳道協會，可否為我
國取得首面奧運金牌，值得國人拭目以待。
四、 綜觀以上所述，由於早期官方「自上而下」、強有力的主導所奠
定的良好基礎，方能使跆拳道在台灣的發展能有今日的成果，其
成效可由中華民國跆拳道協會的成立、道館社團的林立以及選手
成績的優異、警方的積極參與觀之。是故，官方的努力對台灣跆
拳道運動的發展而言，居功厥偉。

關鍵字

跆拳道運動 ； 跆拳道 ； 競技運動史 ； 台灣

並列摘要

The Study of Taekwon Do's Course of Development in Taiwan
Abstract
Presently, Taekwon Do has been introduced from Korea to Taiwan for more than three
decades. The military has long established a special battle tactic training team to such end
and the police force has also listed it as a regular training. In addition, most schools also
have Taekwon Do club on campus, and hundreds of private establishments scatter throughout
the island. Despite the limited development time, Taiwan's Taekwon Do elites have attained
considerable achievement in the international arena, making it worth while to examine how
the sport has managed such development result within a short period.
Based on the writer's study, the following conclusions are presented:
I. The introduction of Taekwon Do was forced by the historical background: given the
cross-strait tension and the national defense policy of reclaiming mainland China, the
military training of battle tactics was much emphasised. Both being anti-communism,
Taiwan had close friendly relationship with Korea, and as has the practical function of
close-range body combat, it took the interest of the late president Chiang Ching-kuo who
was the minister of national defense at the time.
II. Taekwon Do was first initiated with the "Marine Taekwon Do Team" in 1967 which is the
base of Taiwan's Taekwon Do. Under the military's systematic training and compilation
of teaching substances, many instructors were duly produced for the military and the
private sector alike, rooted the seeds for the sport's prosperous development in the private
sector as well as for the subsequent sportsmen's outstanding performance in the
internationally community, gradually replaced the military's position in Taiwan's Taekwon
Do field.
III. Taekwon Do did not burgeon in the private sector until 1969. In 1973, R.O.C. Taekwon
Do Association was established; steered by the government, Taekwon Do soon took root
and fostered in the private sector. By 1984, Luo Chang was assigned the post ofdirector-general of the National Police Administration which further generated Taekwon
Do to extend to the police force, diversified the development of the sport. Meanwhile, the
number of private practices has also reached the peak, evidencing the prevalence of
Taekwon Do. Today, the sport is guided by the private sector, and it remains to be seen if
the Taekwon Do Association will be able to win the first Olympics gold medal for Taiwan.
IV. In over view of the above, the government's strong and forceful steering during the early
stage had paved solid foundation, enabled Taekwon Do's accelerated development in
Taiwan; the results are evidenced by the establishment of R.O.C. Taekwon Do Association
and numerous private practices, the outstanding performance of the athletes and the police
force's active participation. Therefore, the government's efforts were of great significance
to the development of Taekwon Do in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Taekwon Do Sports ； Taekwon Do ； History of Competitive Sports ； Taiwan

參考文獻

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